Kim Kwang Soon, Surh Charles D
Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), San 31, Hyoja-Dong, Nam-Gu, 790-784, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2015;850:93-118. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-15774-0_8.
The intestinal immune system is continuously exposed to massive amounts of diverse antigens derived from both food and intestinal microbes. Immunological tolerance to these enteric antigens is critical for ensuring intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis. Oral tolerance is a specific type of peripheral tolerance induced by the exposure of antigen via the oral route, emphasizing the role of intestinal immune system for preventing unnecessary hypersensitivity reactions to innocuous dietary and microbial antigens. Here, we discuss how dietary antigens are recognized by intestinal immune systems and highlight the role of Foxp3(+) regulatory CD4(+) T cells (Tregs) in establishment of oral tolerance, the tolerogenic features of intestinal dendritic cells that induce development of Foxp3(+) Tregs, and the factors that promote development of the intestinal dendritic cells.
肠道免疫系统持续暴露于源自食物和肠道微生物的大量多样抗原中。对这些肠道抗原的免疫耐受对于确保肠道和全身免疫稳态至关重要。口服耐受是通过口服途径接触抗原诱导的一种特定类型的外周耐受，强调了肠道免疫系统在预防对无害饮食和微生物抗原的不必要超敏反应中的作用。在此，我们讨论饮食抗原如何被肠道免疫系统识别，并强调Foxp3(+)调节性CD4(+)T细胞（Tregs）在建立口服耐受中的作用、诱导Foxp3(+)Tregs发育的肠道树突状细胞的致耐受性特征，以及促进肠道树突状细胞发育的因素。
