Albright Karen, Barnard Juliana, O'Leary Sean, Federico Steve, Saville Alison, Lockhart Steven, Lee Michelle, Eblovi Darren, Dickinson Miriam, Kile Deidre, Kempe Allison
Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo; Department of Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo.
Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo.
Acad Pediatr. 2016 May-Jun;16(4):381-6. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2015.06.004. Epub 2015 Aug 29.
Preventive health services are underutilized by US adolescents, especially those from low-income populations. School-based health centers (SBHCs) have been endorsed as primary medical homes for adolescents. This study was undertaken to determine how adolescent SBHC users and their parents perceive SBHCs, particularly whether SBHCs fulfill each of the elements of a medical home as defined by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Middle and high school adolescents who had been enrolled in a SBHC in a major metropolitan school district for a minimum of 1 year were interviewed about their perceptions of and experiences with SBHCs. English- and Spanish-speaking parents of SBHC-enrolled adolescents also participated in focus groups on this topic.
Four focus groups with parents (n = 30) and 62 interviews with adolescents were completed. Both adolescents and parents indicated satisfaction with the quality and utilization of SBHC services, reporting that SBHCs were highly accessible and family centered. Many students preferred to access care at their SBHC instead of their primary care practice because of the convenience, perceived trustworthiness, compassion, and high quality of care at the SBHC. A few parents reported unmet medical needs from their adolescent's SBHC, and some differences emerged between English- and Spanish-speaking parents.
Adolescents' and parents' perceptions of care received at these SBHCs are consistent with features of the medical home model. These findings suggest that SBHCs can provide coordinated, compassionate care to students in a large, urban school system and may be perceived as more accessible than traditional primary care settings.
美国青少年对预防性健康服务的利用率较低，尤其是低收入人群中的青少年。以学校为基础的健康中心（SBHCs）已被认可为青少年的主要医疗之家。本研究旨在确定使用SBHCs的青少年及其父母如何看待SBHCs，特别是SBHCs是否满足美国儿科学会所定义的医疗之家的各项要素。
对在一个大城市学区的SBHC注册至少1年的初中和高中青少年进行访谈，了解他们对SBHCs的看法和体验。注册在SBHC的青少年中说英语和西班牙语的父母也参加了关于这个主题的焦点小组。
完成了4个有30名家长参加的焦点小组和62次对青少年的访谈。青少年和父母都对SBHC服务的质量和利用率表示满意，称SBHC非常方便且以家庭为中心。许多学生更喜欢在他们的SBHC而不是他们的初级保健机构接受治疗，因为SBHC方便、值得信赖、有同情心且护理质量高。一些家长报告说他们青少年的SBHC未满足医疗需求，说英语和西班牙语的家长之间也出现了一些差异。
青少年及其父母对这些SBHC所提供护理的看法与医疗之家模式的特点一致。这些发现表明，SBHC可以为一个大型城市学校系统中的学生提供协调、有同情心的护理，并且可能被认为比传统的初级保健机构更容易获得。
