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基于学校的健康中心的证据:一项综述。

The Evidence on School-Based Health Centers: A Review.

作者信息

Arenson Michael, Hudson Philip J, Lee NaeHyung, Lai Betty

机构信息

Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

出版信息

Glob Pediatr Health. 2019 Feb 19;6:2333794X19828745. doi: 10.1177/2333794X19828745. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

. Pediatricians working toward health equity require health care delivery mechanisms that take on dual roles: mitigating the health effects of a maladaptive social ecosystem while simultaneously working to improve the ecosystem itself. School-based health centers (SBHCs) perform these dual roles by providing medical, mental/behavioral, dental, and vision care directly in schools where young people spend the majority of their time, maximizing their opportunity to learn and grow. . Databases were searched extensively for research studies published between January 2000 and December 2018. . The authors began with 3 recent high-impact reviews that covered SBHC history, health outcomes, cost-benefit, and impact on health equity. Informed by these articles, the authors organized the evidence into 4 broad categories of impact: Financial, Physical Health (including medical, vision, and dental), Mental Health, and Educational Outcomes. Using these 4 categories, the authors then performed a robust literature search using PubMed for studies that fit into these themes. . SBHCs increase access to health services for children, families, and communities, which ultimately leads to positive short- and long-term outcomes in service of a broad range of stakeholders. Educational impact requires further attention on both outcomes and methodological approaches. Three current public health topics of importance were identified that SBHCs might be well-suited to address: Youth Gun Violence, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and the Health of American Indian/Alaskan Native communities in the United States.

摘要

致力于实现健康公平的儿科医生需要具备双重作用的医疗服务提供机制

减轻适应不良的社会生态系统对健康的影响,同时努力改善该生态系统本身。以学校为基础的健康中心(SBHCs)通过在年轻人大部分时间所在的学校直接提供医疗、心理/行为、牙科和视力保健服务来发挥这双重作用,最大限度地增加他们学习和成长的机会。

广泛检索了2000年1月至2018年12月期间发表的研究数据库。

作者从最近3篇有重大影响的综述入手,这些综述涵盖了SBHC的历史、健康结果、成本效益以及对健康公平的影响。在这些文章的启发下,作者将证据组织成4大类影响:财务、身体健康(包括医疗、视力和牙科)、心理健康和教育成果。然后,作者使用这4个类别,通过PubMed对符合这些主题的研究进行了全面的文献检索。

SBHCs增加了儿童、家庭和社区获得健康服务的机会,最终为广泛的利益相关者带来积极的短期和长期结果。教育影响需要在结果和方法上进一步关注。确定了SBHCs可能非常适合解决的三个当前重要的公共卫生主题:青少年枪支暴力、儿童不良经历以及美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民社区的健康。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/084e/6381423/caae6b41758b/10.1177_2333794X19828745-fig1.jpg

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