Jones-Odeh E, Hammond C J
Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Eye (Lond). 2015 Oct;29(10):1270-84. doi: 10.1038/eye.2015.158. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder with established relationships with ocular structures such as the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Ocular imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) allow for quantitative measurement of these structures. OCT has been used in the monitoring of glaucoma, as well as investigating other neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we highlight the association between these disorders and ocular structures (RNFL and GCL), examining their usefulness as biomarkers of neurodegeneration. The average RNFL thickness loss in patients with AD is 11 μm, and 7 μm in MS patients. Most of the studies investigating these changes are cross-sectional. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess sensitivity and specificity of these potential ocular biomarkers to neurodegenerative disease progression.
青光眼是一种神经退行性疾病，与视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）和神经节细胞层（GCL）等眼部结构存在明确的关联。光学相干断层扫描（OCT）等眼部成像技术能够对这些结构进行定量测量。OCT已被用于青光眼的监测，以及研究其他神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）和多发性硬化症（MS）。在本综述中，我们强调了这些疾病与眼部结构（RNFL和GCL）之间的关联，探讨它们作为神经退行性变生物标志物的效用。AD患者的平均RNFL厚度损失为11μm，MS患者为7μm。大多数研究这些变化的研究都是横断面研究。需要进一步进行纵向研究，以评估这些潜在眼部生物标志物对神经退行性疾病进展的敏感性和特异性。
