Bholah Tatsha C, Neergheen-Bhujun Vidushi S, Hodges Nikolas J, Dyall Sabrina D, Bahorun Theeshan
Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius ; ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius ; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius.
ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius ; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:824514. doi: 10.1155/2015/824514. Epub 2015 Aug 3.
The search for biomarkers to detect the earliest glimpse of cancer has been one of the primary objectives of cancer research initiatives. These endeavours, in spite of constant clinical challenges, are now more focused as early cancer detection provides increased opportunities for different interventions and therapies, with higher potential for improving patient survival and quality of life. With the progress of the omics technologies, proteomics and metabolomics are currently being used for identification of biomarkers. In this line, cytoglobin (Cygb), a ubiquitously found protein, has been actively reviewed for its functional role. Cytoglobin is dynamically responsive to a number of insults, namely, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. Recently, it has been reported that Cygb is downregulated in a number of malignancies and that an induced overexpression reduces the proliferative characteristics of cancer cells. Thus, the upregulation of cytoglobin can be indicative of a tumour suppressor ability. Nevertheless, without a comprehensive outlook of the molecular and functional role of the globin, it will be most unlikely to consider cytoglobin as a biomarker for early detection of cancer or as a therapeutic option. This review provides an overview of the proposed role of cytoglobin and explores its potential functional role as a biomarker for cancer and other diseases.
寻找能够检测出癌症最早迹象的生物标志物，一直是癌症研究项目的主要目标之一。尽管面临持续的临床挑战，但这些努力如今更加聚焦，因为早期癌症检测为不同的干预措施和治疗方法提供了更多机会，在提高患者生存率和生活质量方面具有更高的潜力。随着组学技术的进步，蛋白质组学和代谢组学目前正被用于生物标志物的鉴定。在这方面，细胞珠蛋白（Cygb），一种广泛存在的蛋白质，因其功能作用而受到积极的审视。细胞珠蛋白对多种损伤因素具有动态反应，即纤维化、氧化应激和缺氧。最近，有报道称细胞珠蛋白在多种恶性肿瘤中表达下调，并诱导其过表达可降低癌细胞的增殖特性。因此，细胞珠蛋白的上调可能表明其具有肿瘤抑制能力。然而，如果没有对珠蛋白的分子和功能作用有全面的认识，将细胞珠蛋白视为癌症早期检测的生物标志物或治疗选择的可能性极小。本综述概述了细胞珠蛋白的假定作用，并探讨了其作为癌症和其他疾病生物标志物的潜在功能作用。
