Jederán Éva, Gõdény Mária
Radiológiai Diagnosztikai Osztály, Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Postgraduate Education and Scientific Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu Mures, Romania.
Magy Onkol. 2015 Sep;59(3):184-92. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
Diagnostic and therapeutic options of colorectal cancer (CRC) have changed over the past decade. Imaging plays a major role, thus the use of scanning methods is recommended by guidelines. Accurate staging, evaluation of treatment efficacy and identification of residual and recurrent tumors are required for the modern management of colorectal cancer. If adequate technical background is provided, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gives the information upon which therapeutic options may be determined. High-resolution MRI scans can be interpreted as maps providing functional and molecular information. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) has shown promising results regarding the determination of tumor volume and evaluation of treatment efficacy. Perfusion dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (P-DCE-MRI) is the subject of research in the early assessment of treatment efficacy. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a procedure utilizing biochemical analysis. Its application in CRC is under investigation. Clinical effectiveness of PET-MRI (hardware-based combination of MRI and positron emission tomography) is also being studied. Diagnostic value of computed tomographic colonography (CTC) has been proven in the detection of CRC as well as of polyps.
在过去十年中，结直肠癌（CRC）的诊断和治疗选择发生了变化。影像学起着重要作用，因此指南推荐使用扫描方法。结直肠癌的现代管理需要准确分期、评估治疗效果以及识别残留和复发性肿瘤。如果具备足够的技术背景，磁共振成像（MRI）可提供用于确定治疗方案的信息。高分辨率MRI扫描可被解读为提供功能和分子信息的图谱。扩散加权MRI（DW-MRI）在确定肿瘤体积和评估治疗效果方面已显示出有前景的结果。灌注动态对比增强MRI（P-DCE-MRI）是治疗效果早期评估研究的主题。磁共振波谱成像（MRSI）是一种利用生化分析的程序。其在结直肠癌中的应用正在研究中。PET-MRI（基于硬件的MRI与正电子发射断层扫描的组合）的临床有效性也在研究中。计算机断层结肠成像（CTC）在检测结直肠癌以及息肉方面的诊断价值已得到证实。
