Nalivaiko Eugene, Davis Simon L, Blackmore Karen L, Vakulin Andrew, Nesbitt Keith V
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2300, Australia.
School of Design Communication and IT, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2300, Australia.
Physiol Behav. 2015 Nov 1;151:583-90. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.08.043. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Evidence from studies of provocative motion indicates that motion sickness is tightly linked to the disturbances of thermoregulation. The major aim of the current study was to determine whether provocative visual stimuli (immersion into the virtual reality simulating rides on a rollercoaster) affect skin temperature that reflects thermoregulatory cutaneous responses, and to test whether such stimuli alter cognitive functions. In 26 healthy young volunteers wearing head-mounted display (Oculus Rift), simulated rides consistently provoked vection and nausea, with a significant difference between the two versions of simulation software (Parrot Coaster and Helix). Basal finger temperature had bimodal distribution, with low-temperature group (n=8) having values of 23-29 °C, and high-temperature group (n=18) having values of 32-36 °C. Effects of cybersickness on finger temperature depended on the basal level of this variable: in subjects from former group it raised by 3-4 °C, while in most subjects from the latter group it either did not change or transiently reduced by 1.5-2 °C. There was no correlation between the magnitude of changes in the finger temperature and nausea score at the end of simulated ride. Provocative visual stimulation caused prolongation of simple reaction time by 20-50 ms; this increase closely correlated with the subjective rating of nausea. Lastly, in subjects who experienced pronounced nausea, heart rate was elevated. We conclude that cybersickness is associated with changes in cutaneous thermoregulatory vascular tone; this further supports the idea of a tight link between motion sickness and thermoregulation. Cybersickness-induced prolongation of reaction time raises obvious concerns regarding the safety of this technology.
激发性运动研究的证据表明，晕动病与体温调节紊乱密切相关。本研究的主要目的是确定激发性视觉刺激（沉浸于模拟过山车骑行的虚拟现实中）是否会影响反映体温调节性皮肤反应的皮肤温度，并测试此类刺激是否会改变认知功能。在26名佩戴头戴式显示器（Oculus Rift）的健康年轻志愿者中，模拟骑行持续引发了动感和恶心，两款模拟软件（Parrot Coaster和Helix）之间存在显著差异。基础手指温度呈双峰分布，低温组（n = 8）的值为23 - 29°C，高温组（n = 18）的值为32 - 36°C。网络晕动病对手指温度的影响取决于该变量的基础水平：前一组受试者的手指温度升高了3 - 4°C，而后一组的大多数受试者的手指温度要么没有变化，要么短暂降低了1.5 - 2°C。模拟骑行结束时，手指温度变化幅度与恶心评分之间没有相关性。激发性视觉刺激使简单反应时间延长了20 - 50毫秒；这种增加与恶心的主观评分密切相关。最后，在经历明显恶心的受试者中，心率升高。我们得出结论，网络晕动病与皮肤体温调节血管张力的变化有关；这进一步支持了晕动病与体温调节之间存在紧密联系的观点。网络晕动病引起的反应时间延长引发了对该技术安全性的明显担忧。
