Moshier Samantha J, Szuhany Kristin L, Hearon Bridget A, Smits Jasper A J, Otto Michael W
Boston University, MA, USA.
University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Behav Modif. 2016 Jan;40(1-2):178-98. doi: 10.1177/0145445515603704. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
Individuals with elevated levels of anxiety sensitivity (AS) may be motivated to avoid aversive emotional or physical states, and therefore may have greater difficulty achieving healthy behavioral change. This may be particularly true for exercise, which produces many of the somatic sensations within the domain of AS concerns. Cross-sectional studies show a negative association between AS and exercise. However, little is known about how AS may prospectively affect attempts at behavior change in individuals who are motivated to increase their exercise. We recruited 145 young adults who self-identified as having a desire to increase their exercise behavior. Participants completed a web survey assessing AS and additional variables identified as important for behavior change-impulsivity, grit, perceived behavioral control, and action planning-and set a specific goal for exercising in the next week. One week later, a second survey assessed participants' success in meeting their exercise goals. We hypothesized that individuals with higher AS would choose lower exercise goals and would complete less exercise at the second survey. AS was not significantly associated with exercise goal level, but significantly and negatively predicted exercise at Time 2 and was the only variable to offer significant prediction beyond consideration of baseline exercise levels. These results underscore the importance of considering AS in relation to health behavior intentions. This is particularly apt given the absence of prediction offered by other traditional predictors of behavior change.
焦虑敏感性（AS）水平较高的个体可能会有动机去避免厌恶的情绪或身体状态，因此在实现健康行为改变方面可能会有更大的困难。对于运动来说尤其如此，因为运动产生了许多在AS所关注范围内的躯体感觉。横断面研究表明AS与运动之间存在负相关。然而，对于AS如何前瞻性地影响有增加运动动机的个体的行为改变尝试，我们知之甚少。我们招募了145名自我认定有增加运动行为愿望的年轻人。参与者完成了一项网络调查，评估AS以及其他被确定为对行为改变很重要的变量——冲动性、毅力、感知行为控制和行动计划——并为下周的锻炼设定了一个具体目标。一周后，第二项调查评估了参与者实现锻炼目标的情况。我们假设AS较高的个体将选择较低的运动目标，并且在第二项调查中完成的运动量会更少。AS与运动目标水平没有显著关联，但显著且负向预测了第二次调查时的运动量，并且是在考虑基线运动水平之外唯一能提供显著预测的变量。这些结果强调了在健康行为意图方面考虑AS的重要性。鉴于其他传统行为改变预测因素无法提供预测，这一点尤为恰当。
