Zaremba W, Udluft T, Bostedt H
Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Hartwig Bostedt, Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals with Ambulatory Service, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Frankfurter Straße 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany, E-Mail:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2015;43(5):269-77. doi: 10.15653/TPG-150345. Epub 2015 Sep 8.
The effects of various parturition controlling measures in sows on the relevant parameters for parturition were investigated.
A total of 1975 study animals were divided into five groups: control group: A (n = 710); trial groups: B (n = 719), C (n = 180), D (n = 175), E (n = 191). The control group (A) included sows that spontaneously farrowed until day 114 of gestation. The remaining sows were administered a PGF2α-analogue (175 µg cloprostenol) on day 114. All sows that farrowed within 24 hours after prostaglandin-medication were summarised in trial group B. Dams that did not farrow until day 115 were either administered oxytocin (20 IU i. m., group C) or carbetocin in two different doses (70 µg, group D or 35 µg, group E). The sows were monitored during the peripartal period over 24 hours.
83.8% of the farrowings were without any complications. The percentage of dystocia varied between the individual groups. Given a complication-free farrowing the expulsion stage began 13.0 hours (group B), 2.4 hours (group C), 1.6 hours (group D) and 1.4 hours (group E) after medication. The expulsion interval of the farrowing of two piglets decreased from 21.1 minutes with spontaneous farrowings (group A) to 18.6 minutes (group E) as a result of the administration of 35 µg carbetocin. The rate of stillborn piglets as well as the incidence of puerperal disorders and the losses of the suckling piglets also gradually, partly even significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased from group A to E.
The results of this study show that the use of the long-acting oxytocin carbetocin has advantages compared to oxytocin (e. g. shortened duration of birth, reduction of stillbirths). The tested dosages of carbetocin (35 µg or 70 µg) proved to be equally effective. Administration of the lower dose is recommended, since this reduces use of the active ingredient.
研究母猪不同分娩控制措施对分娩相关参数的影响。
共1975只实验动物分为五组：对照组：A组（n = 710）；实验组：B组（n = 719）、C组（n = 180）、D组（n = 175）、E组（n = 191）。对照组（A组）包括妊娠至114天自然分娩的母猪。其余母猪在妊娠114天时注射前列腺素F2α类似物（175μg氯前列醇）。所有在注射前列腺素后24小时内分娩的母猪归为实验组B。至115天仍未分娩的母猪，要么注射催产素（20IU，肌肉注射，C组），要么注射两种不同剂量的卡贝缩宫素（70μg，D组；或35μg，E组）。在围产期对母猪进行24小时监测。
83.8%的分娩无任何并发症。难产率在各实验组有所不同。在无并发症的分娩中，给药后排出期开始时间分别为：B组13.0小时、C组2.4小时、D组1.6小时、E组1.4小时。由于注射了35μg卡贝缩宫素，两仔猪分娩间隔从自然分娩时（A组）的21.1分钟降至18.6分钟（E组）。死产仔猪率、产后疾病发生率以及哺乳仔猪损失率也从A组到E组逐渐降低，部分甚至显著降低（p≤0.05）。
本研究结果表明，与催产素相比，长效催产素卡贝缩宫素具有优势（如缩短分娩时间、减少死产）。所测试的卡贝缩宫素剂量（35μg或70μg）证明同样有效。建议使用较低剂量，因为这样可减少活性成分的使用。
