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巴祖卡单光子发射计算机断层扫描技术的进展:使用大面积成像仪的高分辨率动态闪烁扫描

Progress in BazookaSPECT: High-Resolution, Dynamic Scintigraphy with Large-Area Imagers.

作者信息

Miller Brian W, Barber H Bradford, Barrett Harrison H, Liu Zhonglin, Nagarkar Vivek V, Furenlid Lars R

机构信息

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Radiation Detection and Nuclear Sciences Group, National Security Directorate, Richland, WA 99352.

Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719.

出版信息

Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2012 Aug 12;8508. doi: 10.1117/12.966810.

Abstract

We present recent progress in BazookaSPECT, a high-resolution, photon-counting gamma-ray detector. It is a new class of scintillation detector that combines columnar scintillators, image intensifiers, and CCD (charge-coupled device) or CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductors) sensors for high-resolution imaging. A key feature of the BazookaSPECT paradigm is the capability to easily design custom detectors in terms of the desired intrinsic detector resolution and event detection rate. This capability is possible because scintillation light is optically amplified by the image intensifier prior to being imaging onto the CCD/CMOS sensor, thereby allowing practically any consumer-grade CCD/CMOS sensor to be used for gamma-ray imaging. Recent efforts have been made to increase the detector area by incorporating fiber-optic tapers between the scintillator and image intensifier, resulting in a 16× increase in detector area. These large-area BazookaSPECT detectors can be used for full-body imaging and we present preliminary results of their use as dynamic scintigraphy imagers for mice and rats. Also, we discuss ongoing and future developments in BazookaSPECT and the improved event-detection rate capability that is achieved using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), multi-core processors, and new high-speed, USB 3.0 CMOS cameras.

摘要

我们展示了巴祖卡单光子发射计算机断层扫描(BazookaSPECT)的最新进展,它是一种高分辨率的光子计数伽马射线探测器。它是一类新型闪烁探测器,结合了柱状闪烁体、图像增强器以及用于高分辨率成像的电荷耦合器件(CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)传感器。巴祖卡单光子发射计算机断层扫描模式的一个关键特性是能够根据所需的探测器固有分辨率和事件检测率轻松设计定制探测器。这种能力之所以可行,是因为闪烁光在成像到CCD/CMOS传感器之前由图像增强器进行光学放大,从而允许几乎任何消费级CCD/CMOS传感器用于伽马射线成像。最近已做出努力,通过在闪烁体和图像增强器之间加入光纤锥来增加探测器面积,探测器面积增大了16倍。这些大面积的巴祖卡单光子发射计算机断层扫描探测器可用于全身成像,我们展示了将其用作小鼠和大鼠动态闪烁扫描成像仪的初步结果。此外,我们还讨论了巴祖卡单光子发射计算机断层扫描的当前和未来发展,以及使用图形处理单元(GPU)、多核处理器和新型高速USB 3.0 CMOS相机所实现的事件检测率的提升。

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