Khanna Surbhi, Greyson Bruce
Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2015 Oct;203(10):749-55. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000362.
Posttraumatic growth denotes positive psychological change after a traumatic experience that is an improvement over the state before the trauma. Inasmuch as it involves existential reevaluation, posttraumatic growth overlaps with spiritual change, although it also encompasses other domains of positive outcome. This study investigated posttraumatic growth and presence and depth of near-death experience at the time of the close brush with death among 251 survivors of a close brush with death, using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and the Near-Death Experience (NDE) Scale. Near-death experiences were associated with greater posttraumatic growth than were close brushes with death in the absence of such an experience, and scores on the NDE Scale were significantly correlated with scores on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. To the extent that NDEs are interpreted as spiritual events, these findings support prior research suggesting that spiritual factors make a significant contribution to posttraumatic growth and are consistent with the model that posits challenges to the assumptive worldview as a major stimulus to posttraumatic growth.
创伤后成长是指创伤经历后积极的心理变化，这种变化是对创伤前状态的改善。由于它涉及到存在性的重新评估，创伤后成长与精神变化有重叠，尽管它也包括其他积极结果的领域。本研究使用创伤后成长量表和濒死体验量表，对251名有濒死经历的幸存者在与死亡擦肩而过时的创伤后成长以及濒死体验的存在和深度进行了调查。与没有这种体验的濒死擦肩而过相比，濒死体验与更大的创伤后成长相关，并且濒死体验量表的得分与创伤后成长量表的得分显著相关。就濒死体验被解释为精神事件而言，这些发现支持了先前的研究，表明精神因素对创伤后成长有重大贡献，并且与将对假设世界观的挑战作为创伤后成长的主要刺激因素的模型一致。
