Cascalheira João, Bicho Nuno
ICArEHB, FCHS, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 10;10(9):e0137308. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137308. eCollection 2015.
The Solutrean techno-complex has gained particular significance over time for representing a clear demographic and techno-typological deviation from the developments occurred during the course of the Upper Paleolithic in Western Europe. Some of Solutrean's most relevant features are the diversity and techno-typological characteristics of the lithic armatures. These have been recurrently used as pivotal elements in numerous Solutrean-related debates, including the chronological organization of the techno-complex across Iberia and Southwestern France. In Southern Iberia, patterns of presence and/or absence of specific point types in stratified sequences tend to validate the classical ordering of the techno-complex into Lower, Middle and Upper phases, although some evidence, namely radiocarbon determinations, have not always been corroborative. Here we present the first comprehensive analysis of the currently available radiocarbon data for the Solutrean in Southern Iberia. We use a Bayesian statistical approach from 13 stratified sequences to compare the duration, and the start and end moments of each classic Solutrean phase across sites. We conclude that, based on the current data, the traditional organization of the Solutrean cannot be unquestionably confirmed for Southern Iberia, calling into doubt the status of the classically-defined type-fossils as precise temporal markers.
随着时间的推移，梭鲁特技术复合体具有了特殊的意义，因为它代表了与西欧旧石器时代晚期发展过程中出现的情况明显的人口统计学和技术类型学偏差。梭鲁特文化一些最相关的特征是石器装备的多样性和技术类型学特征。这些特征在众多与梭鲁特文化相关的辩论中反复被用作关键要素，包括整个伊比利亚半岛和法国西南部该技术复合体的年代组织。在伊比利亚半岛南部，分层序列中特定尖状器类型的有无模式往往证实了该技术复合体分为早、中、晚阶段的经典排序，尽管一些证据，即放射性碳测定结果，并不总是能提供佐证。在此，我们首次对伊比利亚半岛南部梭鲁特文化目前可用的放射性碳数据进行全面分析。我们采用贝叶斯统计方法，对13个分层序列进行分析，以比较各遗址每个经典梭鲁特阶段的持续时间以及开始和结束时间。我们得出结论，基于目前的数据，伊比利亚半岛南部梭鲁特文化的传统组织方式无法得到确凿证实，这使得传统定义的典型化石作为精确时间标志的地位受到质疑。
