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任务限制与婴儿抓握姿势

Task constraints and infant grip configurations.

作者信息

Newell K M, Scully D M, McDonald P V, Baillargeon R

机构信息

Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.

出版信息

Dev Psychobiol. 1989 Dec;22(8):817-31. doi: 10.1002/dev.420220806.

Abstract

The prehensile grip configurations of infants aged 4 through 8 months were examined as they grasped objects that varied in size and shape. The findings revealed that infants as young as 4 months systematically differentiate grip configurations as a function of the object properties in essentially the same way that 8-month-old infants do. However, the younger 4-month-old infants predominantly used the haptic system in addition to the visual system for information pick-up regarding object properties, whereas 8-month-old infants predominantly used information from the visual system alone to differentiate grip configurations according to the object properties. Infants apparently perceive the same action-relevant information through different emphases of the sensory modes to drive the action system with a similar grip configuration for a given object. It is proposed that the traditional description of an orderly sequence to the development of infant prehension (e.g., Halverson, 1931) is too conservative and inflexible to capture the functionally adaptive prehensile behavior of infants to changing task constraints.

摘要

研究人员对4至8个月大婴儿抓取大小和形状各异物体时的抓握姿势进行了检查。研究结果显示,4个月大的婴儿就能像8个月大的婴儿一样,根据物体属性系统地区分抓握姿势。然而,4个月大的婴儿除了视觉系统外,还主要利用触觉系统来获取有关物体属性的信息,而8个月大的婴儿则主要仅依靠视觉系统的信息来根据物体属性区分抓握姿势。婴儿显然通过不同感官模式的不同侧重点感知相同的与动作相关的信息,从而针对给定物体以相似的抓握姿势驱动动作系统。有人提出,传统上对婴儿抓握发展有序序列的描述(例如,哈尔弗森,1931年)过于保守和僵化,无法捕捉婴儿针对不断变化的任务限制所做出的功能适应性抓握行为。

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