基于吸引力的表现力差异：目标效应还是感知者效应？
Differences in Expressivity Based on Attractiveness: Target or Perceiver Effects?
作者信息
Rennels Jennifer L, Kayl Andrea J
机构信息
University of Nevada, Las Vegas.
出版信息
J Exp Soc Psychol. 2015 Sep 1;60:163-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2015.05.012.
A significant association exists between adults' expressivity and facial attractiveness, but it is unclear whether the association is linear or significant only at the extremes of attractiveness. It is also unclear whether attractive persons actually display more positive expressivity than unattractive persons (target effects) or whether high and low attractiveness influences expressivity valence judgments (perceiver effects). Experiment 1 demonstrated adult ratings of attractiveness were predictive of expressivity valence only for high and low attractive females and medium attractive males. Experiment 2 showed that low attractive females actually display more negative expressivity than medium and high attractive females, but there were no target effects for males. Also, attractiveness influenced expressivity valence judgments (perceiver effects) for both females and males. Our findings demonstrate that low attractive females are at a particular disadvantage during social interactions due to their low attractiveness, actual displays of negative expressivity, and perceptions of their negative expressivity.
成年人的表现力与面部吸引力之间存在显著关联，但尚不清楚这种关联是线性的，还是仅在吸引力的极端情况下才显著。同样不清楚的是，有吸引力的人实际上是否比没有吸引力的人表现出更多积极的表现力（目标效应），或者高吸引力和低吸引力是否会影响对表现力效价的判断（感知者效应）。实验1表明，成年人对吸引力的评分仅对高吸引力和低吸引力的女性以及中等吸引力的男性的表现力效价具有预测性。实验2表明，低吸引力的女性实际上比中等吸引力和高吸引力的女性表现出更多消极的表现力，但男性不存在目标效应。此外，吸引力影响了女性和男性对表现力效价的判断（感知者效应）。我们的研究结果表明，低吸引力的女性在社交互动中处于特别不利的地位，这是由于她们的低吸引力、消极表现力的实际表现以及对其消极表现力的认知。
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