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外源性蛋白酶单独或与碳水化合物酶联合使用对肉鸡营养物质消化率及非淀粉多糖消失率的影响

Effects of exogenous proteases without or with carbohydrases on nutrient digestibility and disappearance of non-starch polysaccharides in broiler chickens.

作者信息

Olukosi O A, Beeson L A, Englyst K, Romero L F

机构信息

Monogastric Science Research Centre, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK

Monogastric Science Research Centre, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2015 Nov;94(11):2662-9. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev260. Epub 2015 Sep 14.

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a subtilisin protease, without or with inclusion of carbohydrases, on digestibility and retention of energy and protein, as well as the solubilization and disappearance of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) from corn-soybean meal based diets fed to broiler chickens. Two hundred eighty-eight Ross 308 male broiler chickens were used for the experiment. On d 14, the birds were weighed and allocated to 6 treatments and 8 replicates per treatment with 6 birds per replicate. Treatments were: 1) corn-soybean meal based control diet; 2) control diet plus supplemental protease at 5,000 (P5000) protease units (PU)/kg); 3) control plus 10,000 PU/kg protease (P10000); or control plus an enzyme combination containing xylanase, amylase, and protease (XAP) added to achieve protease activity of: 4) 2,500 PU/kg (XAP2500); 5) 5,000 PU/kg (XAP5000); or 6) 10,000 PU/kg (XAP10000). The enzymes in XAP were combined at fixed ratios of 10:1:25 of xylanase:amylase:protease. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and specific orthogonal contrasts between treatments were performed. Addition of xylanase and amylase increased (P < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of protein by 4.2% and 2.1% at XAP5000 and XAP10000, respectively (relative to P5000 and P10000, respectively), exhibiting a plateau after the XAP5000 dose. Increment (P < 0.05) in AME due to protease was evident, particularly in P10000. At the ileal level, XAP reduced (P < 0.05) the flow of insoluble xylose and arabinose, which indicates an increase in the solubilization of arabinoxylan polymers in the small intestine. Protease on its own reduced (P < 0.05) the flow of insoluble arabinose but did not affect the flow of insoluble xylose. XAP reduced (P < 0.05) the pre-cecal flow of insoluble and total glucose and galactose. It was concluded that whereas protease by itself improved nutrient utilization and increased solubilization of NSP components, at the lower dose, a combination of xylanase, amylase, and protease produced effects greater than those of protease alone.

摘要

本研究的目的是评估一种枯草杆菌蛋白酶(添加或不添加碳水化合物酶)对能量和蛋白质消化率及保留率的影响,以及对饲喂肉鸡的玉米 - 豆粕型日粮中,非淀粉多糖(NSP)的溶解和消失情况的影响。288只罗斯308雄性肉鸡用于本试验。在第14日龄时,对鸡只称重,并分配至6种处理,每种处理8个重复,每个重复6只鸡。处理如下:1)玉米 - 豆粕型对照日粮;2)对照日粮 + 5000(P5000)蛋白酶单位(PU)/kg的补充蛋白酶;3)对照 + 10000 PU/kg蛋白酶(P10000);或对照 + 一种含有木聚糖酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶的酶组合(XAP),添加该组合以达到以下蛋白酶活性:4)2500 PU/kg(XAP2500);5)5000 PU/kg(XAP5000);或6)10000 PU/kg(XAP10000)。XAP中的酶按木聚糖酶:淀粉酶:蛋白酶10:1:25的固定比例混合。数据采用方差分析,并对各处理间进行特定的正交对比。添加木聚糖酶和淀粉酶使XAP5000和XAP10000组的回肠蛋白质消化率分别提高了4.2%和2.1%(分别相对于P5000和P10000),在XAP5000剂量后呈现平台期。蛋白酶导致AME增加(P < 0.05),在P10000组尤为明显。在回肠水平,XAP降低了(P < 0.05)不溶性木糖和阿拉伯糖的流量,这表明小肠中阿拉伯木聚糖聚合物的溶解度增加。单独使用蛋白酶降低了(P < 0.05)不溶性阿拉伯糖的流量,但不影响不溶性木糖的流量。XAP降低了(P < 0.05)盲肠前段不溶性和总葡萄糖及半乳糖的流量。研究得出结论,虽然单独使用蛋白酶可提高养分利用率并增加NSP组分的溶解度,但在较低剂量下,木聚糖酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶的组合产生的效果大于单独使用蛋白酶的效果。

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