Sitohang Lanti Yulianti Rebecca, Untari Ziyan A'fif, Zuprizal Zuprizal, Anas Muhsin Al
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104298. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104298. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sorghum with or without protease and NSP-ase on performance, jejunal histomorphology, caecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and gene expression of barrier function in the broiler chickens. A total of 240 males New Lohmann strain MB 202 broiler chicks (1-day-old) were randomly placed into 12 treatments with 4 replications, 5 birds per replicate for 35 d. The diets were a factorial combination of 3 levels of sorghum (0, 10, and 20%), 2 concentrations of protease (with and without protease), and 2 concentrations of NSP-ase (with and without NSP-ase). Results showed that villus height (VH) was improved (P < 0.05) and villus to crypt ratio (VH:CD) tended (P = 0.05) to increase with inclusion of sorghum. Inclusion of sorghum upregulated (P < 0.05) expression of the gene anti-inflammatory IL-13, and downregulated (P < 0.05) gene of toll receptor (TLR) (TLR-3 and TLR-4), pro-inflammatory (IL-18, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and tight junction zona occluding-1 (ZO-1). The result further indicated a decrease (P < 0.05) in the concentration of SCFA. The birds fed diets with protease had lower (P < 0.05) expression of gene TLR-4 and TLR-3, pro-inflammatory (IL-6 and TNF-α), and anti-inflammatory IL-10. Inclusion of sorghum markedly (P < 0.05) interacted with protease, increasing the total of SCFA, acetate, and VH in the broiler. The bird offered diets with NSP-ase had higher (P < 0.05) expression genes of pro-inflammatory IL-18 and TNF-α. Inclusion of sorghum and NSP-ase significantly (P < 0.05) interacted, upregulating gene of tight junction ZO-1 and anti-inflammatory IL-13 but downregulating gene TLR-3, and pro-inflammatory IL-6, while the SCFA production was decreased. Inclusion of sorghum in the diet with or without enzymes did not affect broiler performance (P > 0.05). In conclusion, a diet with sorghum improved jejunal histomorphology without negatively affecting growth performance. Additionally, supplementation with enzymes enhanced intestinal immune responses by up-regulating anti-inflammatory, and downregulating pro-inflammatory gene expression.
本研究的目的是调查添加或不添加蛋白酶和非淀粉多糖酶的高粱对肉鸡生产性能、空肠组织形态学、盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFA）以及屏障功能基因表达的影响。总共240只新罗曼MB 202品系1日龄雄性肉鸡雏随机分为12个处理组，每组4个重复，每个重复5只鸡，试验期35天。日粮是由3个高粱水平（0%、10%和20%）、2种蛋白酶浓度（添加和不添加蛋白酶）以及2种非淀粉多糖酶浓度（添加和不添加非淀粉多糖酶）组成的析因组合。结果表明，添加高粱可提高（P<0.05）绒毛高度（VH），绒毛与隐窝比值（VH:CD）有增加趋势（P=0.05）。添加高粱上调（P<0.05）抗炎性白细胞介素-13（IL-13）基因的表达，下调（P<0.05）Toll样受体（TLR）（TLR-3和TLR-4）、促炎性（IL-18、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和紧密连接蛋白-1（ZO-1）基因的表达。结果还表明SCFA浓度降低（P<0.05）。采食添加蛋白酶日粮的鸡，TLR-4和TLR-3、促炎性（IL-6和TNF-α）以及抗炎性IL-10基因的表达较低（P<0.05）。高粱的添加与蛋白酶显著（P<0.05）互作，增加了肉鸡的SCFA总量、乙酸含量和VH。采食添加非淀粉多糖酶日粮的鸡，促炎性IL-18和TNF-α基因的表达较高（P<0.05）。高粱和非淀粉多糖酶的添加显著（P<0.05）互作，上调紧密连接蛋白ZO-1和抗炎性IL-13基因的表达，但下调TLR-3基因和促炎性IL-6基因的表达，同时SCFA的产生减少。日粮中添加或不添加酶的情况下，高粱的添加均不影响肉鸡生产性能（P>0.05）。总之，含高粱的日粮可改善空肠组织形态学，且对生长性能无负面影响。此外，酶的添加通过上调抗炎性基因表达和下调促炎性基因表达增强了肠道免疫反应。
