Carlson Emily, Saarikallio Suvi, Toiviainen Petri, Bogert Brigitte, Kliuchko Marina, Brattico Elvira
Center for Interdisciplinary Music Research, Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä, Finland.
Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2015 Aug 26;9:466. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00466. eCollection 2015.
Music therapists use guided affect regulation in the treatment of mood disorders. However, self-directed uses of music in affect regulation are not fully understood. Some uses of music may have negative effects on mental health, as can non-music regulation strategies, such as rumination. Psychological testing and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were used explore music listening strategies in relation to mental health. Participants (n = 123) were assessed for depression, anxiety and Neuroticism, and uses of Music in Mood Regulation (MMR). Neural responses to music were measured in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in a subset of participants (n = 56). Discharge, using music to express negative emotions, related to increased anxiety and Neuroticism in all participants and particularly in males. Males high in Discharge showed decreased activity of mPFC during music listening compared with those using less Discharge. Females high in Diversion, using music to distract from negative emotions, showed more mPFC activity than females using less Diversion. These results suggest that the use of Discharge strategy can be associated with maladaptive patterns of emotional regulation, and may even have long-term negative effects on mental health. This finding has real-world applications in psychotherapy and particularly in clinical music therapy.
音乐治疗师在情绪障碍的治疗中运用引导性情感调节。然而，在情感调节中自我引导使用音乐的情况尚未得到充分理解。音乐的某些使用方式可能对心理健康产生负面影响，非音乐调节策略（如沉思）也是如此。本研究运用心理测试和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来探究与心理健康相关的音乐聆听策略。对123名参与者进行了抑郁、焦虑和神经质评估，以及音乐在情绪调节中的使用情况（MMR）评估。在部分参与者（n = 56）中测量了内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）对音乐的神经反应。“宣泄”（即通过音乐表达负面情绪）与所有参与者尤其是男性的焦虑和神经质增加有关。与较少使用“宣泄”的男性相比，高度使用“宣泄”的男性在聆听音乐时mPFC的活动减少。高度使用“转移”（即通过音乐分散对负面情绪的注意力）的女性比较少使用“转移”的女性表现出更多的mPFC活动。这些结果表明，使用“宣泄”策略可能与适应不良的情绪调节模式相关，甚至可能对心理健康产生长期负面影响。这一发现对心理治疗尤其是临床音乐治疗具有实际应用价值。
