Krishna Venkatramana D, Roach Erin, Zaidman Nathan A, Panoskaltsis-Mortari Angela, Rotschafer Jessica H, O'Grady Scott M, Cheeran Maxim C-J
Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 18;10(9):e0138704. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138704. eCollection 2015.
Interferons (IFNs) have been shown to inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) replication and play an essential role in controlling viral infection. Here we studied the kinetics and magnitude of induction of type I and type III IFN transcripts by primary porcine airway epithelial cells (pAECs) in response to swine and human origin IAV. We observed that swine influenza viruses (SIV) replicate more efficiently than the human pandemic influenza A/California/2009 (pH1N1 CA/09) in pAECs. Interestingly, we also found significant difference in kinetics of IFN-β, IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ3 gene expression by these viruses. While there was delay of up to 12 hours post infection (h p.i.) in induction of IFN genes in pAECs infected with swine IAV A/Sw/Illinois/2008 (H1N1 IL/08), human pH1N1 CA/09 rapidly induced IFN-β, IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ3 gene expression as early as 4 h p.i. However, the magnitude of IFN-β and IFN-λ3 induction at 24 h p.i. was not significantly different between the viral strains tested. Additionally, we found that swine H1N1 IL/08 was less sensitive to dsRNA induced antiviral response compared to human pH1N1 CA/09. Our data suggest that the human and swine IAVs differ in their ability to induce and respond to type I and type III interferons in swine cells. Swine origin IAV may have adapted to the pig host by subverting innate antiviral responses to viral infection.
干扰素（IFNs）已被证明可抑制甲型流感病毒（IAV）复制，并在控制病毒感染中发挥重要作用。在此，我们研究了原代猪气道上皮细胞（pAECs）对猪源和人源IAV产生的I型和III型IFN转录本的诱导动力学和诱导程度。我们观察到，猪流感病毒（SIV）在pAECs中的复制效率高于人类大流行性甲型流感病毒A/加利福尼亚/2009（pH1N1 CA/09）。有趣的是，我们还发现这些病毒在IFN-β、IFN-λ1和IFN-λ3基因表达动力学方面存在显著差异。感染猪IAV A/猪/伊利诺伊/2008（H1N1 IL/08）的pAECs中，IFN基因诱导出现了长达12小时的延迟，而人pH1N1 CA/09在感染后4小时就迅速诱导了IFN-β、IFN-λ1和IFN-λ3基因表达。然而，在感染后24小时，所测试的病毒株之间IFN-β和IFN-λ3的诱导程度没有显著差异。此外，我们发现与人类pH1N1 CA/09相比，猪H1N1 IL/08对双链RNA诱导的抗病毒反应不太敏感。我们的数据表明，人源和猪源IAV在猪细胞中诱导和响应I型和III型干扰素的能力存在差异。猪源IAV可能通过颠覆对病毒感染的先天性抗病毒反应而适应了猪宿主。
