Van Rhijn Ildiko, Godfrey Dale I, Rossjohn Jamie, Moody D Branch
Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Oct;15(10):643-54. doi: 10.1038/nri3889. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
The antigen-presenting molecules CD1 and MHC class I-related protein (MR1) display lipids and small molecules to T cells. The antigen display platforms in the four CD1 proteins are laterally asymmetrical, so that the T cell receptor (TCR)-binding surfaces are comprised of roofs and portals, rather than the long grooves seen in the MHC antigen-presenting molecules. TCRs can bind CD1 proteins with left-sided or right-sided footprints, creating unexpected modes of antigen recognition. The use of tetramers of human CD1a, CD1b, CD1c or MR1 proteins now allows detailed analysis of the human T cell repertoire, which has revealed new invariant TCRs that bind CD1b molecules and are different from those that define natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells.
抗原呈递分子CD1和MHC I类相关蛋白（MR1）向T细胞展示脂质和小分子。四种CD1蛋白中的抗原展示平台呈横向不对称，因此T细胞受体（TCR）结合表面由顶部和入口组成，而非MHC抗原呈递分子中所见的长凹槽。TCR可以通过左侧或右侧足迹结合CD1蛋白，从而产生意想不到的抗原识别模式。现在，使用人CD1a、CD1b、CD1c或MR1蛋白的四聚体能够对人类T细胞库进行详细分析，这揭示了与CD1b分子结合且不同于定义自然杀伤T细胞和黏膜相关恒定T细胞的新型恒定TCR。
