D123小麦作为间作作物对西瓜根际土壤酶活性、微生物生物量和微生物群落的影响。
The effect of D123 wheat as a companion crop on soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon.
作者信息
Xu Weihui, Wang Zhigang, Wu Fengzhi
机构信息
Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China ; Department of Horticulture, College of Life Science and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University Qiqihar, China ; Heilongjiang Provincial Key University Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China ; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in Northeast China, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China.
Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China ; Heilongjiang Provincial Key University Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China ; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in Northeast China, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China.
出版信息
Front Microbiol. 2015 Sep 1;6:899. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00899. eCollection 2015.
The growth of watermelon is often threatened by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) in successively monocultured soil, which results in economic loss. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of D123 wheat as a companion crop on soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon and to explore the relationship between the effect and the incidence of wilt caused by Fon. The results showed that the activities of soil polyphenol oxidase, urease and invertase were increased, the microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) were significantly increased, and the ratio of MBC/MBN was decreased (P < 0.05). Real-time PCR analysis showed that the Fon population declined significantly in the watermelon/wheat companion system compared with the monoculture system (P < 0.05). The analysis of microbial communities showed that the relative abundance of microbial communities was changed in the rhizosphere of watermelon. Compared with the monoculture system, the relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Sordariomycetes were increased, and the relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria, Sphingobacteria, Cytophagia, Pezizomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes were decreased in the rhizosphere of watermelon in the watermelon/wheat companion system; importantly, the incidence of Fusarium wilt was also decreased in the watermelon/wheat companion system. In conclusion, this study indicated that D123 wheat as a companion crop increased soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass, decreased the Fon population, and changed the relative abundance of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of watermelon, which may be related to the reduction of Fusarium wilt in the watermelon/wheat companion system.
在连作土壤中，西瓜生长常受到尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型（Fon）的威胁，从而导致经济损失。本研究的目的是调查D123小麦作为间作作物对西瓜根际土壤酶活性、微生物生物量和微生物群落的影响，并探讨这种影响与Fon引起的枯萎病发病率之间的关系。结果表明，土壤多酚氧化酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性增加，微生物生物量氮（MBN）和微生物生物量磷（MBP）显著增加，MBC/MBN比值降低（P<0.05）。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明，与单作系统相比，西瓜/小麦间作系统中Fon种群显著减少（P<0.05）。微生物群落分析表明，西瓜根际微生物群落的相对丰度发生了变化。与单作系统相比，西瓜/小麦间作系统中西瓜根际变形菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门和粪壳菌纲的相对丰度增加，γ-变形菌纲、鞘脂杆菌纲、噬纤维菌纲、盘菌纲和散囊菌纲的相对丰度降低；重要的是，西瓜/小麦间作系统中枯萎病的发病率也降低了。总之，本研究表明，D123小麦作为间作作物提高了土壤酶活性和微生物生物量，减少了Fon种群，改变了西瓜根际微生物群落的相对丰度，这可能与西瓜/小麦间作系统中枯萎病的减少有关。
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