Solfrizzi Vincenzo, Panza Francesco, Imbimbo Bruno P, D'Introno Alessia, Galluzzo Lucia, Gandin Claudia, Misciagna Giovanni, Guerra Vito, Osella Alberto, Baldereschi Marzia, Di Carlo Antonio, Inzitari Domenico, Seripa Davide, Pilotto Alberto, Sabbá Carlo, Logroscino Giancarlo, Scafato Emanuele
Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit, Rare Disease Centre, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;47(4):889-99. doi: 10.3233/JAD-150333.
Coffee, tea, or caffeine consumption may be protective against cognitive impairment and dementia. We estimated the association between change or constant habits in coffee consumption and the incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We evaluated 1,445 individuals recruited from 5,632 subjects, aged 65-84 year old, from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a population-based sample from eight Italian municipalities with a 3.5-year median follow-up. Cognitively normal older individuals who habitually consumed moderate amount of coffee (from 1 to 2 cups of coffee/day) had a lower rate of the incidence of MCI than those who never or rarely consumed coffee [1 cup/day: hazard ratio (HR): 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.211 to 1.02 or 1-2 cups/day: HR: 0.31 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.75]. For cognitively normal older subjects who changed their coffee consumption habits, those increasing coffee consumption (>1 cup of coffee/day) had higher rate of the incidence of MCI compared to those with constant habits (up to ±1 cup of coffee/day) (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.92) or those with reduced consumption (<1 cup of coffee/day) (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.16 to 4.08). Finally, there was no significant association between subjects with higher levels of coffee consumption (>2 cups of coffee/day) and the incidence of MCI in comparison with those who never or rarely consumed coffee (HR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.03 to 2.11). In conclusion, cognitively normal older individuals who increased their coffee consumption had a higher rate of developing MCI, while a constant in time moderate coffee consumption was associated to a reduced rate of the incidence of MCI.
饮用咖啡、茶或摄入咖啡因可能对认知障碍和痴呆具有保护作用。我们估计了咖啡饮用习惯的改变或持续情况与轻度认知障碍（MCI）发病率之间的关联。我们评估了从5632名65 - 84岁受试者中招募的1445人，这些受试者来自意大利老龄化纵向研究，该研究是一个基于人群的样本，来自意大利八个城市，中位随访时间为3.5年。习惯性饮用适量咖啡（每天1至2杯咖啡）的认知正常老年人发生MCI的发病率低于从不或很少饮用咖啡的人[每天1杯：风险比（HR）：0.47，95%置信区间（CI）：0.211至1.02；或每天1 - 2杯：HR：0.31，95% CI：0.13至0.75]。对于改变了咖啡饮用习惯的认知正常老年受试者，与饮用习惯不变（每天±1杯咖啡）的人相比，增加咖啡饮用量（每天>1杯咖啡）的人发生MCI的发病率更高（HR：1.80，95% CI：1.11至2.92）；与咖啡饮用量减少（每天<1杯咖啡）的人相比也是如此（HR：2.17，95% CI：1.16至4.08）。最后，与从不或很少饮用咖啡的人相比，咖啡饮用量较高（每天>2杯咖啡）的受试者与MCI发病率之间没有显著关联（HR：0.26，95% CI：0.03至2.11）。总之，咖啡饮用量增加的认知正常老年人发生MCI的发病率更高，而长期适量饮用咖啡与MCI发病率降低有关。
