Weidman Justin, Dickerson Deborah E, Koebel Charles T
Department of Construction Management, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Work. 2015;52(4):865-76. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152109.
Prevention through Design (PtD), eliminating hazards at the design-stage of tools and systems, is the optimal method of mitigating occupational health and safety risks. A recent National Institute of Safety and Health initiative has established a goal to increase adoption of PtD innovation in industry. The construction industry has traditionally lagged behind other sectors in the adoption of innovation, in general; and of safety and health prevention innovation, in particular. Therefore, as a first step toward improving adoption trends in this sector, a conceptual model was developed to describe the parameters and causal relationships that influence and predict construction stakeholder "adoption readiness" for PtD technology innovation.
This model was built upon three well-established theoretical frameworks: the Health Belief Model, the Diffusion of Innovation Model, and the Technology Acceptance Model. Earp and Ennett's model development methodology was employed to build a depiction of the key constructs and directionality and magnitude of relationships among them. Key constructs were identified from the literature associated with the three theoretical frameworks, with special emphasis given to studies related to construction or OHS technology adoption.
A conceptual model is presented. Recommendations for future research are described and include confirmatory structural equation modeling of model parameters and relationships, additional descriptive investigation of barriers to adoption in some trade sectors, and design and evaluation of an intervention strategy.
通过设计预防（PtD），即在工具和系统的设计阶段消除危害，是减轻职业健康和安全风险的最佳方法。美国国家职业安全与健康研究所最近发起了一项倡议，设定了一个目标，即提高工业界对PtD创新的采用率。总体而言，建筑业在采用创新方面传统上落后于其他行业；特别是在安全与健康预防创新方面。因此，作为改善该行业采用趋势的第一步，开发了一个概念模型，以描述影响和预测建筑利益相关者对PtD技术创新的“采用准备度”的参数和因果关系。
该模型基于三个成熟的理论框架构建：健康信念模型、创新扩散模型和技术接受模型。采用厄普和恩内特的模型开发方法来构建关键结构及其之间关系的方向性和强度的描述。从与这三个理论框架相关的文献中确定关键结构，特别强调与建筑或职业健康与安全技术采用相关的研究。
提出了一个概念模型。描述了对未来研究的建议，包括对模型参数和关系进行验证性结构方程建模、对某些贸易部门采用障碍进行额外的描述性调查，以及设计和评估干预策略。
