Merryweather Andrew S, Morse Janice M, Doig Alexa K, Godfrey Nathan W, Gervais Pierre, Bloswick Donald S
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Work. 2015;52(3):707-13. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152110.
Although a significant proportion of patient falls in hospitals occur in the vicinity of the hospital bed, little is known about the contribution of bed height to fall risk.
To compare lower extremity joint torques and angles during hospital bed entry and egress at two bed heights.
Twelve adults (age > 55) were purposively selected and had variety of strength and mobility limitations. Biomechanical data for this pilot study were collected with three digital video cameras and processed to obtain estimates for joint torques and included angles.
At the low bed height, hip torque for bed entry was significantly higher, and hip, knee, and ankle flexion angles were significantly smaller. The absence of significant differences in knee and ankle torques were the result of a compensation strategy that shifts the center of mass forward by flexing the torso during low bed ingress. Torque data from the egress motion were similar, however 50% of participants were unable to rise from the low bed without assistance.
Healthcare providers should be aware that low bed heights pose safety risks to the population for which they were designed-elderly persons at high risk for falling.
尽管医院中相当一部分患者跌倒发生在病床附近，但关于床高对跌倒风险的影响知之甚少。
比较在两种床高条件下，患者进出医院病床时下肢关节的扭矩和角度。
purposively选取了12名年龄大于55岁、有多种力量和活动能力限制的成年人。使用三台数字摄像机收集了这项初步研究的生物力学数据，并进行处理以获得关节扭矩和夹角的估计值。
在低床高条件下，上床时的髋部扭矩显著更高，而髋、膝和踝关节的屈曲角度显著更小。膝部和踝部扭矩没有显著差异，这是由于在低床高上床过程中通过躯干屈曲将重心向前转移的一种补偿策略。下床动作的扭矩数据相似，然而50%的参与者在没有帮助的情况下无法从低床上起身。
医疗服务提供者应意识到，低床高对其设计对象——跌倒风险高的老年人——构成安全风险。
