Castelein Birgit, Cools Ann, Parlevliet Thierry, Cagnie Barbara
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Man Ther. 2016 Feb;21:250-5. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2015.09.005. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
In patients with shoulder or neck pain, often an imbalance of the activation in the scapular upward and downward rotators is present which can cause abnormalities in coordinated scapular rotation. Shrug exercises are often recommended to activate muscles that produce upward rotation, but little information is available on the activity of the downward rotators during shrugging exercises. The position used for the shrug exercise may affect the relative participation of the medial scapular rotators.
To compare muscle activity, using both surface and fine-wire electrodes, of the medial scapular muscles during different shoulder joint positions while performing shrug and retraction exercises.
Controlled laboratory study.
Twenty-six subjects performed 3 different exercises: shrug with the arms at the side while holding a weight ("Shrug"), shrug with arms overhead and retraction with arms overhead. EMG data with surface and fine wire electrodes was collected from the Upper Trapezius (UT), Levator Scapulae (LS), Middle Trapezius (MT), Rhomboid Major (RM) and Lower Trapezius (LT).
The results showed that activity levels of the main medial scapular muscles depend upon the specific shoulder joint position when performing shrug and retraction exercises. High UT activity was found across all exercises, with no significant differences in UT activity between the exercises. The LS and RM activity was significantly lower during "ShrugOverhead" and the RM, MT and LT activity was significantly higher during "RetractionOverhead".
This study has identified that all three exercises elicited similar UT activity. LS and RM activity is decreased with the "ShrugOverhead" exercise. The "RetractionOverhead" was the most effective exercise in activating the medial scapular muscles.
在肩部或颈部疼痛的患者中，肩胛上、下旋转肌的激活常常失衡，这会导致肩胛旋转协调异常。耸肩练习常被推荐用于激活产生向上旋转的肌肉，但关于耸肩练习期间下旋转肌的活动情况，相关信息较少。耸肩练习所采用的姿势可能会影响肩胛内侧旋转肌的相对参与度。
使用表面电极和细针电极，比较在不同肩关节位置进行耸肩和后缩练习时肩胛内侧肌肉的肌电活动。
对照实验室研究。
26名受试者进行3种不同的练习：手臂下垂持重物时耸肩（“耸肩”）、手臂上举时耸肩以及手臂上举时后缩。通过表面电极和细针电极收集上斜方肌（UT）、肩胛提肌（LS）、中斜方肌（MT）、大菱形肌（RM）和下斜方肌（LT）的肌电数据。
结果表明，在进行耸肩和后缩练习时，主要肩胛内侧肌肉的活动水平取决于特定的肩关节位置。在所有练习中均发现UT的活动较高，各练习之间UT的活动无显著差异。在“上举耸肩”时，LS和RM的活动显著降低，在“上举后缩”时，RM、MT和LT的活动显著升高。
本研究确定，所有三种练习引起的UT活动相似。“上举耸肩”练习会降低LS和RM的活动。“上举后缩”是激活肩胛内侧肌肉最有效的练习。
