Lowe Sarah R, Sampson Laura, Gruebner Oliver, Galea Sandro
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Avenue, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 2016 Jan;52(1):25-31. doi: 10.1007/s10597-015-9947-4. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
The majority of disaster survivors suffering from psychiatric disorders do not utilize mental health services. Only one study to date has explored postdisaster service use after Hurricane Sandy, and the disaster literature is further limited by a lack of attention to survivors' perceived need for services. We drew on data from a population-based sample of adults living in New York City neighborhoods that were most severely affected by Hurricane Sandy (N = 454). Less than 10 % of participants reported service needs (7.8 %) and service use (4.4 %) since the hurricane, 5.9 % were classified as having unmet needs (i.e., needs without use), and 2.5 % as using services without needs. Predictors of unmet mental health service needs included younger age, male gender, higher education, and exposure to more disaster-related stressors. The results suggest that efforts to reduce unmet postdisaster service needs could focus on reaching survivors with these characteristics.
大多数患有精神疾病的灾难幸存者并未使用心理健康服务。迄今为止，仅有一项研究探讨了桑迪飓风过后的灾后服务使用情况，而且由于对幸存者所感知的服务需求缺乏关注，灾难相关文献的数量更是有限。我们利用了居住在纽约市受桑迪飓风影响最严重社区的成年人群体样本数据（N = 454）。自飓风过后，不到10%的参与者报告有服务需求（7.8%）和使用过服务（4.4%），5.9%被归类为有未满足的需求（即有需求但未使用服务），2.5%被归类为无需求却使用了服务。未满足的心理健康服务需求的预测因素包括年龄较小、男性、高等教育以及接触更多与灾难相关的压力源。结果表明，减少灾后未满足的服务需求的努力可以集中在接触具有这些特征的幸存者身上。
