Jansson Inger, Björklund Anita, Perseius Kent-Inge, Gunnarsson A Birgitta
Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Sweden.
Nyckeln Competence Centre for Pedagogics in Healthcare, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden.
Work. 2015;52(1):153-67. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152037.
Since work ability is manifested in working life and ``bought'' by employers, employers perceptions of the concept are important to understand. Studies have shown that people with health problems want to take part in the labour market, but experience difficulties in gaining access. Additionally, studies have demonstrated the doubt felt by employers when they consider hiring a person with a disability.
The aim was to identify and characterise employers' conceptions of work ability.
The study design was qualitative with a phenomenographic approach. Six male and six female employers from various workplaces and geographical areas in Sweden were interviewed.
Three domains were identified: employees' contributions to work ability, employers' contributions to work ability and circumstances with limited work ability. Work ability was regarded as a tool in production and its output, production, was the main issue. The employees' commitment and interest could bridge other shortcomings.
The employers highlighted their own contributions in shaping work ability in order to fit with work circumstances. Health problems were not the only limiting issues; other circumstances, such as individual characteristics and contextual factors, could limit work ability too. Knowing the importance of commitment and interest is valuable in work rehabilitation.
由于工作能力体现在工作生活中且由雇主“购买”，因此了解雇主对这一概念的看法很重要。研究表明，有健康问题的人希望参与劳动力市场，但在进入市场时会遇到困难。此外，研究还表明雇主在考虑雇佣残疾人士时会心存疑虑。
旨在识别并描述雇主对工作能力的看法。
采用现象学方法进行定性研究设计。对瑞典不同工作场所和地理区域的六名男性雇主和六名女性雇主进行了访谈。
确定了三个领域：员工对工作能力的贡献、雇主对工作能力的贡献以及工作能力受限的情况。工作能力被视为生产中的一种工具，其产出即生产是主要问题。员工的投入和兴趣可以弥补其他不足。
雇主强调了他们自身在塑造工作能力以适应工作环境方面的贡献。健康问题并非唯一的限制因素；其他情况，如个人特征和背景因素，也可能限制工作能力。了解投入和兴趣的重要性对工作康复很有价值。
