Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 28;17(3):793. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030793.
Apprentices in the area of nursing care and automotive mechatronics are exposed to increased health risks. In this context, the promotion of physical activity (PA) is considered an effective strategy for the assurance of work ability. The goal of the PArC-AVE study was therefore to better understand the role of PA for apprentices employed in these two sectors. In an exploratory study, 55 apprentices wore an ActiGraph accelerometer over seven consecutive days and were subject to activity analysis. The objective accelerometer data (18,979 ± 3780 steps/day; 471.00 ± 159.75 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA/week), complemented by questionnaire data, indicated that most met the volume-based PA recommendations. Subsequently, we conducted a multicenter study comprising 745 apprentices from six vocational education institutions. Path analyses showed that competencies for health-enhancing PA were significantly related to indicators of work ability (0.180 ≤ ≤ 0.452) and psychophysical health (0.139 ≤ ≤ 0.347), whereas mere volume of PA was not (-0.048 ≤ ≤ 0.080). In summary, apprentices of nursing care and automotive mechatronics showed high levels of PA. However, the results highlight the importance of competencies for health-enhancing PA. The PAHCO model could provide a useful framework for the conceptualization of effective interventions.
护理和汽车机电一体化专业的学徒面临着更高的健康风险。在这种情况下，促进身体活动（PA）被认为是确保工作能力的有效策略。因此，PArC-AVE 研究的目的是更好地了解这两个行业的学徒的 PA 作用。在一项探索性研究中，55 名学徒在连续七天内佩戴 ActiGraph 加速度计，并进行活动分析。客观的加速度计数据（18979 ± 3780 步/天；471.00 ± 159.75 分钟中等至剧烈强度的 PA/周），加上问卷调查数据，表明大多数人达到了基于量的 PA 建议。随后，我们进行了一项包含来自六所职业教育机构的 745 名学徒的多中心研究。路径分析表明，促进健康的 PA 能力与工作能力指标（0.180 ≤ ≤ 0.452）和心理生理健康指标（0.139 ≤ ≤ 0.347）显著相关，而单纯的 PA 量与它们没有显著相关（-0.048 ≤ ≤ 0.080）。总之，护理和汽车机电一体化专业的学徒表现出较高的 PA 水平。然而，研究结果强调了促进健康的 PA 能力的重要性。PAHCO 模型可以为有效的干预措施提供一个有用的概念框架。
