Wu Xu, Wanyan Xiaoru, Zhuang Damin
Technol Health Care. 2015;23 Suppl 2:S373-81. doi: 10.3233/THC-150974.
Human factors involved with visual attention mechanism and fatigue are critical causes of modern aviation accidents.
To investigate the connection between attention and flight fatigue, a mathematical model of pilot's visual attention allocation was established based on information processing channels. Multi-task condition and current psychophysical state were taken into account as well.
Sixteen participants were recruited to perform a long-term dual-task in a Boeing 737-800 flight simulator. The primary task was an envelope flight task and the secondary was an unusual attitude (UA) recovery task. Reaction time of the secondary task was recorded as a behavior performance index, while heart rate and respiration rate were measured as physiological indices as well as fixation distribution as attention allocation index.
The experiment results showed a significant affect of experiment time that indicated the occurrence and influence of fatigue. Eye movement tracking also revealed good agreement with the predictable model and hence verified its effectiveness. Moreover, applicability of the model was validated under flight fatigue and multiple tasks condition.
The current study provided a quantitative connection between pilot's visual attention allocation and flight fatigue, which was verified in the ergonomics experiment.
与视觉注意力机制和疲劳相关的人为因素是现代航空事故的关键原因。
为研究注意力与飞行疲劳之间的联系，基于信息处理通道建立了飞行员视觉注意力分配的数学模型。同时考虑了多任务条件和当前心理生理状态。
招募16名参与者在波音737 - 800飞行模拟器中执行长期双任务。主要任务是包线飞行任务，次要任务是异常姿态（UA）恢复任务。将次要任务的反应时间记录为行为表现指标，同时测量心率、呼吸率作为生理指标，并将注视分布作为注意力分配指标。
实验结果显示实验时间有显著影响，表明疲劳的发生和影响。眼动跟踪也显示与预测模型有良好的一致性，从而验证了其有效性。此外，该模型在飞行疲劳和多任务条件下的适用性得到了验证。
本研究提供了飞行员视觉注意力分配与飞行疲劳之间的定量联系，这在人机工程学实验中得到了验证。
