Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, South Korea.
Res Vet Sci. 2015 Oct;102:150-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.07.022. Epub 2015 Aug 2.
Three commercial broiler breeds were fed from hatch with a diet supplemented with Capsicum and Curcuma longa oleoresins, and co-infected with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens to induce necrotic enteritis (NE). Pyrotag deep sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA showed that gut microbiota compositions were quite distinct depending on the broiler breed type. In the absence of oleoresin diet, the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), was decreased in infected Cobb, and increased in Ross and Hubbard, compared with the uninfected. In the absence of oleoresin diet, all chicken breeds had a decreased Candidatus Arthromitus, while the proportion of Lactobacillus was increased in Cobb, but decreased in Hubbard and Ross. Oleoresin supplementation of infected chickens increased OTUs in Cobb and Ross, but decreased OTUs in Hubbard, compared with unsupplemented/infected controls. Oleoresin supplementation of infected Cobb and Hubbard was associated with an increased percentage of gut Lactobacillus and decreased Selenihalanaerobacter, while Ross had a decreased fraction of Lactobacillus and increased Selenihalanaerobacter, Clostridium, Calothrix, and Geitlerinema. These results suggest that dietary Capsicum/Curcuma oleoresins reduced the negative consequences of NE on body weight and intestinal lesion, in part, through alteration of the gut microbiome in 3 commercial broiler breeds.
三种商业肉鸡品种从孵化开始就用添加辣椒和姜黄精油的饮食喂养，并与巨型艾美耳球虫和产气荚膜梭菌共同感染，以诱导坏死性肠炎（NE）。细菌 16S rRNA 的 Pyrotag 深度测序显示，肠道微生物群落的组成因肉鸡品种类型而异。在没有油树脂饮食的情况下，与未感染的相比，感染的科布鸡的分类操作单元（OTU）数量减少，而罗斯和哈伯德鸡的 OTU 数量增加。在没有油树脂饮食的情况下，所有鸡品种的节杆菌属（Candidatus Arthromitus）数量都减少了，而科布鸡的乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）比例增加了，但哈伯德和罗斯鸡的乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）比例减少了。与未补充/感染对照相比，感染鸡补充油树脂增加了科布和罗斯鸡的 OTU，但减少了哈伯德鸡的 OTU。感染的科布和哈伯德鸡补充油树脂与肠道乳杆菌比例增加和硒单胞菌属（Selenihalanaerobacter）减少有关，而罗斯鸡的乳杆菌比例减少，梭菌属（Clostridium）、钙丝菌属（Calothrix）、真枝藻属（Geitlerinema）增加。这些结果表明，饮食中添加辣椒和姜黄精油通过改变 3 种商业肉鸡品种的肠道微生物群，在一定程度上减轻了 NE 对体重和肠道损伤的负面影响。
