Zhuang Mobing, Abulikemu Gulizhaer, Campo Pablo, Platten William E, Suidan Makram T, Venosa Albert D, Conmy Robyn N
Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Pegasus Technical Services Inc., 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
Chemosphere. 2016 Feb;144:767-74. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.040. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
This article reports biodegradation rates for a commercial dispersant, JD-2000, South Louisiana crude oil (SLC) alone, and SLC dispersed with JD-2000 at 5 and 25 °C. Results from the biodegradation experiments revealed that Component X, a chemical marker for JD-2000, rapidly degraded at both temperatures. The application of JD-2000 decreased by half the overall biodegradation rate of aliphatic compounds at 25 °C. At 5 °C, a residual fraction consisting of iso- and n-alkanes (C29-C35) persisted after 56 d. The combination of dispersant and higher temperature resulted in faster removal rates for 2- and 3-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. When compared with Corexit 9500, our results suggest that the chemistry of the surfactant (or surfactants) in JD-2000 might have favored oil dissolution (substrate transport to the aqueous phase) as an uptake mechanism over adhesion, which requires direct contact of the biomass with the oil.
本文报道了一种商用分散剂JD - 2000、单独的南路易斯安那原油（SLC）以及在5℃和25℃下用JD - 2000分散的SLC的生物降解率。生物降解实验结果表明，作为JD - 2000化学标志物的组分X在这两个温度下均迅速降解。在25℃时，JD - 2000的应用使脂肪族化合物的总体生物降解率降低了一半。在5℃时，由异烷烃和正构烷烃（C29 - C35）组成的残留部分在56天后仍然存在。分散剂与较高温度的组合导致二环和三环多环芳烃的去除速率更快。与Corexit 9500相比，我们的结果表明，JD - 2000中表面活性剂的化学性质可能更有利于油溶解（底物转运至水相）作为一种摄取机制，而不是需要生物质与油直接接触的粘附作用。
