正常组织和肿瘤组织干细胞的演化：罗伯特·胡克之后的进展
Evolution of normal and neoplastic tissue stem cells: progress after Robert Hooke.
作者信息
Weissman Irving
机构信息
Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
出版信息
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2015 Oct 19;370(1680):20140364. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0364.
Abstract
The appearance of stem cells coincides with the transition from single-celled organisms to metazoans. Stem cells are capable of self-renewal as well as differentiation. Each tissue is maintained by self-renewing tissue-specific stem cells. The accumulation of mutations that lead to preleukaemia are in the blood-forming stem cell, while the transition to leukaemia stem cells occurs in the clone at a progenitor stage. All leukaemia and cancer cells escape being removed by scavenger macrophages by expressing the 'don't eat me' signal CD47. Blocking antibodies to CD47 are therapeutics for all cancers, and are currently being tested in clinical trials in the US and UK.
摘要
干细胞的出现与从单细胞生物向多细胞生物的转变同时发生。干细胞能够自我更新以及分化。每种组织都由自我更新的组织特异性干细胞维持。导致白血病前期的突变积累发生在造血干细胞中，而向白血病干细胞的转变则发生在祖细胞阶段的克隆中。所有白血病细胞和癌细胞通过表达“别吃我”信号CD47来逃避被清除性巨噬细胞清除。针对CD47的阻断抗体是所有癌症的治疗药物，目前正在美国和英国进行临床试验。
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