Tirosh-Levy Sharon, Steinman Amir, Carmeli Yehuda, Klement Eyal, Navon-Venezia Shiri
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Prev Vet Med. 2015 Nov 1;122(1-2):135-44. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.09.007. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), and specifically Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization or infection have become a serious emerging condition in equine hospitals, with complex concerns regarding animals, personnel and public health. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for colonization by Staphylococci, MRS, and MRSA among horses in Israel. Nasal swabs were collected from horses at 17 riding stables (n=206), and from hospitalized horses admitted to a veterinary hospital (n=84). Species identification was performed by pta gene PCR, RFLP analysis and sequencing. MRS was identified by the presence of mecA. Genetic relatedness of MRSA isolates was determined by spa typing and MLST. SCCmec-type and pvl gene were determined. Univariable and multivariable statistical analysis were used to identify potential risk factors. Colonization with Staphylococci was found among 3.8% of farm horses and 50.6% of hospitalized horses (p<0.05). MRS isolates were not found in any of the farm horses, but were isolated from 21.6% of the horses at the veterinary hospital, comprising 42.8% of all hospital isolates. MRSA was found exclusively among hospitalized horses (7.2%). All MRSA isolates belonged to a unique single multi-drug-resistant clone, ST5-SCCmec V, pvl-negative, spa-type t535. Risk factors for colonization with MRS were pure bred, hospitalization and antibiotic use. This is the first surveillance study of Staphylococci in horses in Israel, and the first report on the presence of a unique MRSA strain among hospital horses, recognizing the veterinary hospital as a potential reservoir for MRSA, an antibiotic resistant pathogen with human relevance.
耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRS），尤其是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的定植或感染，已成为马医院中一种严重的新出现情况，涉及动物、人员和公共卫生等复杂问题。本研究的目的是评估以色列马匹中葡萄球菌、MRS和MRSA定植的患病率及危险因素。从17个骑术马厩的马匹（n = 206）以及一家兽医医院收治的住院马匹（n = 84）中采集鼻拭子。通过pta基因PCR、RFLP分析和测序进行菌种鉴定。通过mecA的存在鉴定MRS。通过spa分型和多位点序列分型（MLST）确定MRSA分离株的遗传相关性。确定SCCmec型和pvl基因。采用单变量和多变量统计分析来识别潜在危险因素。在3.8%的农场马匹和50.6%的住院马匹中发现有葡萄球菌定植（p<0.05）。在任何农场马匹中均未发现MRS分离株，但在兽医医院21.6%的马匹中分离到MRS，占医院所有分离株的42.8%。仅在住院马匹中发现了MRSA（7.2%）。所有MRSA分离株均属于一个独特的单一多重耐药克隆，即ST5 - SCCmec V，pvl阴性，spa型t535。MRS定植的危险因素为纯种、住院和使用抗生素。这是以色列首次对马匹中的葡萄球菌进行监测研究，也是首次报道在住院马匹中存在一种独特的MRSA菌株，认识到兽医医院是MRSA的潜在储存库，MRSA是一种与人类相关的耐药病原体。
