Bedognetti Davide, Hendrickx Wouter, Marincola Francesco M, Miller Lance D
aTumor Biology, Immunology and Therapy Section, Division of Translational Medicine, Research Branch bOffice of the Chief Research Officer (CRO), Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar cDepartment of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine dThe Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2015 Nov;27(6):433-44. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000234.
Here, we focus on molecular biomarkers derived from transcriptomic studies to summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms associated with differential prognosis and treatment outcome in breast cancer.
Breast cancer is certainly immunogenic; yet it has been historically resistant to immunotherapy. In the past few years, refined immunotherapeutic manipulations have been shown to be effective in a significant proportion of cancer patients. For example, drugs targeting the PD-1 immune checkpoint have been proven to be an effective therapeutic approach in several solid tumors including melanoma and lung cancer. Very recently, the activity of such therapeutics has also been demonstrated in breast cancer patients. Pari passu with the development of novel immune modulators, the transcriptomic analysis of human tumors unveiled unexpected and paradoxical relationships between cancer cells and immune cells.
This review examines our understanding of the molecular pathways associated with intratumoral immune response, which represents a critical step for the implementation of stratification strategies toward the development of personalized immunotherapy of breast cancer.
在此，我们聚焦于转录组学研究衍生的分子生物标志物，以总结我们在理解与乳腺癌不同预后和治疗结果相关机制方面的最新进展。
乳腺癌无疑具有免疫原性；然而，它在历史上一直对免疫疗法有抗性。在过去几年中，精细的免疫治疗操作已被证明在相当一部分癌症患者中有效。例如，靶向程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）免疫检查点的药物已被证明在包括黑色素瘤和肺癌在内的几种实体瘤中是一种有效的治疗方法。最近，此类疗法在乳腺癌患者中的活性也得到了证实。随着新型免疫调节剂的发展，对人类肿瘤的转录组分析揭示了癌细胞与免疫细胞之间意想不到且自相矛盾的关系。
本综述探讨了我们对与肿瘤内免疫反应相关分子途径的理解，这是实施乳腺癌个性化免疫治疗分层策略的关键一步。
