Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2014 Jan;15(1):1-15. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1300264.
Standard treatment options for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, such as adjuvant hormonal therapy and monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the recognition that chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and survival during different stages of breast cancer development has led to the development of novel immunotherapies. Several immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied both preclinically and clinically and already have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conventional treatment modalities. Therefore, therapies targeting the immune system may represent a promising next-generation approach for the treatment of breast cancers. This review will discuss recent findings that elucidate the roles of suppressive immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tumor-promoting microenvironment, and the most current immunotherapeutic strategies in breast cancer.
乳腺癌的标准治疗选择包括手术、化疗、放疗和靶向治疗，如辅助激素治疗和单克隆抗体。最近，人们认识到肿瘤微环境中的慢性炎症促进了乳腺癌发展的不同阶段的肿瘤生长和存活，这导致了新型免疫疗法的发展。已经有几种免疫治疗策略在临床前和临床研究中进行了研究，并且已经证明它们可以增强常规治疗方法的疗效。因此，靶向免疫系统的治疗方法可能代表了治疗乳腺癌的下一代有前途的方法。这篇综述将讨论最近的发现，这些发现阐明了抑制性免疫细胞和促炎细胞因子和趋化因子在促进肿瘤的微环境中的作用，以及乳腺癌中最新的免疫治疗策略。
