Azmi Syed Afrin, Das Surajit, Chatterjee Soumendranath
Parasitology and Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2015 Sep;52(3):252-6.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Filariasis is one of the major vector-borne diseases causing serious health problem in the tropics and subtropics. The coastal areas of Digha are known to be a filariasis prone region of West Bengal, India. The filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus, the established filarial vector in West Bengal, India. The present work was aimed to determine the abundance of different mosquito species; and the frequency, distribution and blood meal analysis of Cx. quinquefasciatus in coastal areas of Digha.
During the present study, a total of 11,537 mosquitoes [Cx. quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus, Anopheles barbirostris, An. annularis, An. subpictus, An. sundaicus, Aedes albopictus, and Cx. vishnui (group)] were collected by hand collection method from human habitations and cattlesheds of 10 villages of Digha, West Bengal, India. The seasonal prevalence of Cx. quinquefasciatus was studied. In each season, blood meals of 300 Cx. quinquefasciatus collected from human habitations were analysed during the study period.
Cx. quinquefasciatus was found to be the dominant species (88.44% of the total collection) in the study area. It was most frequently found in and around human habitations than cattlesheds. Total man hour density calculation revealed that this species was most prevalent during the rainy season. Two-way ANOVA revealed that the abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus varied with different seasons. Blood meal analysis showed that the filarial vector preferred human blood than that of other animals.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: This study suggested Cx. quinquefasciatus as the dominant mosquito species in the study area; and the anthropophilic nature of Cx. quinquefasciatus might be the reason of increase in the intensity of filarial transmission in coastal areas of Digha.
丝虫病是热带和亚热带地区导致严重健康问题的主要媒介传播疾病之一。印度西孟加拉邦迪加的沿海地区是已知的丝虫病高发区。班氏吴策线虫这种丝虫寄生虫由致倦库蚊传播，致倦库蚊是印度西孟加拉邦已确定的丝虫传播媒介。本研究旨在确定不同蚊种的数量；以及迪加沿海地区致倦库蚊的频率、分布和血餐分析。
在本研究期间，通过手工采集方法，从印度西孟加拉邦迪加10个村庄的人类住所和牛棚中总共采集了11,537只蚊子[致倦库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、须喙按蚊、环纹按蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊、辛德按蚊、白纹伊蚊和维氏库蚊（类群）]。研究了致倦库蚊的季节流行情况。在研究期间，对从人类住所采集的300只致倦库蚊的血餐进行了分析。
致倦库蚊是研究区域的优势蚊种（占总采集量的88.44%）。在人类住所及其周围比在牛棚中更常发现该蚊种。总人时密度计算表明，该蚊种在雨季最为普遍。双向方差分析显示，致倦库蚊的数量随不同季节而变化。血餐分析表明，这种丝虫传播媒介更喜欢人类血液而非其他动物的血液。
本研究表明致倦库蚊是研究区域的优势蚊种；致倦库蚊的嗜人习性可能是迪加沿海地区丝虫传播强度增加的原因。
