González-Gil Esther M, Santabárbara Javier, Russo Paola, Ahrens Wolfgang, Claessens Mandy, Lissner Lauren, Börnhorst Claudia, Krogh Vittorio, Iacoviello Licia, Molnar Denes, Siani Alfonso, Tornaritis Michael, Veidebaum Toomas, Moreno Luis A
GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Dec;55(8):2459-2468. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-1054-3. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
This cross-sectional study assesses the relationship between consumption frequencies of food items and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in European children.
Out of the baseline sample (N = 16.228) of the IDEFICS study, 6.403 children (1.315 boys aged 2 to <6, 1.908 boys aged 6 to <10, 1.204 girls aged 2 to <6 and 1.976 girls aged 6 to <10 years) had hs-CRP measured and the Children's Eating Habits Questionnaire filled, including a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression adjusted for body mass index z-score, education of the mother, breast-feeding and self-reported hours of physical activity in a sport club per week was conducted.
Mean frequency intake of raw vegetable was lower in boys (p = 0.022 in young and p = 0.020 in old) and older girls (p = 0.026) with high hs-CRP concentration, while in younger girls (p = 0.008) the same occurred with the cooked vegetables. The probability of having higher hs-CRP concentration was significantly associated with having low consumption frequency of vegetables (p = 0.004 in older boys, raw vegetables; and p = 0.0032 in younger girls, cooked vegetables). Also, honey/jam intake decreased the probability of having higher concentration of hs-CRP, whereas soft drinks with sugar, mayonnaise and cereals milled increased this probability.
Out of all food items associated with hs-CRP, frequency intake of vegetables presented more associations across all the analysis. Findings suggest that a high-frequency intake of vegetables is inversely related to an inflammatory status in children. More studies are needed to assess the association between diet and inflammation.
本横断面研究评估了欧洲儿童食品消费频率与高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）之间的关系。
在IDEFICS研究的基线样本（N = 16228）中，对6403名儿童（1315名2至<6岁男孩、1908名6至<10岁男孩、1204名2至<6岁女孩和1976名6至<10岁女孩）进行了hs-CRP测量，并填写了儿童饮食习惯问卷，其中包括食物频率问卷。进行了逻辑回归分析，并对体重指数z评分、母亲教育程度、母乳喂养以及每周在体育俱乐部自我报告的体育活动时间进行了校正。
hs-CRP浓度高的男孩（年幼男孩p = 0.022，年长男孩p = 0.020）和年长女孩（p = 0.026）的生蔬菜平均摄入频率较低，而年幼女孩（p = 0.008）的熟蔬菜摄入频率也较低。hs-CRP浓度较高的概率与蔬菜消费频率低显著相关（年长男孩生蔬菜p = 0.004；年幼女孩熟蔬菜p = 0.0032）。此外，蜂蜜/果酱的摄入降低了hs-CRP浓度较高的概率，而含糖软饮料、蛋黄酱和磨制谷物的摄入则增加了这种概率。
在所有与hs-CRP相关的食物中，蔬菜的摄入频率在所有分析中呈现出更多的关联。研究结果表明，儿童频繁摄入蔬菜与炎症状态呈负相关。需要更多的研究来评估饮食与炎症之间的关联。
