Center for Brain Science and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; email:
Departments of Neurobiology and Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; email:
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2015;31:741-77. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-013020. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
The nervous system is populated by numerous types of neurons, each bearing a dendritic arbor with a characteristic morphology. These type-specific features influence many aspects of a neuron's function, including the number and identity of presynaptic inputs and how inputs are integrated to determine firing properties. Here, we review the mechanisms that regulate the construction of cell type-specific dendrite patterns during development. We focus on four aspects of dendrite patterning that are particularly important in determining the function of the mature neuron: (a) dendrite shape, including branching pattern and geometry of the arbor; (b) dendritic arbor size;
神经系统中存在着多种类型的神经元，每种神经元都具有特征性形态的树突分支。这些特定类型的特征影响神经元功能的许多方面，包括突触前输入的数量和身份，以及输入如何整合以确定发射特性。在这里，我们回顾了在发育过程中调节细胞类型特异性树突模式构建的机制。我们专注于决定成熟神经元功能的树突模式的四个方面：（a）树突形状，包括分支模式和树突分支的几何形状；（b）树突分支的大小；
