Ohya Toshiyuki, Yamanaka Ryo, Hagiwara Masahiro, Oriishi Marie, Suzuki Yasuhiro
1Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; and 2Graduate School of Physical Education, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan.
J Strength Cond Res. 2016 May;30(5):1433-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001220.
Inspiratory muscle fatigue (IMF) may limit exercise performance. A few studies have reported that IMF occurs after short-duration swimming exercise, but whether short-duration running can induce IMF remains unclear. Intra-abdominal pressure is increased during running through diaphragmatic activation to stabilize the spine during movements of the upper limbs. This occurs along with the increased inspiratory muscle effort associated with increased respirations during exercise; thus, we hypothesized that short-duration running exercise would induce IMF. To test this hypothesis, we measured maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) before and after 400- and 800-m track running sessions. Eight female middle-distance (400, 800 m) runners performed a 400- and 800-m running test. Maximal inspiratory pressure was measured before and after each test using a portable autospirometer. The mean MIPs were significantly lower after running than before running; values obtained were 107 ± 25 vs. 97 ± 27 cmH2O (p = 0.01, effect size [ES] = 0.65) and 108 ± 26 vs. 92 ± 27 cmH2O (p = 0.01, ES = 0.74) before vs. after the 400- and 800-m tests, respectively. The mean MIP after the 800-m test was significantly lower than after the 400-m test (p = 0.04, ES = 0.48). There was no correlation between IMF value and running time (r = 0.53 and r = -0.28 for either the 400- and 800-m tests, respectively; p > 0.05). In conclusion, IMF occurs after short-duration running exercise. Coaches could consider prescribing inspiratory muscle training or warm-up in an effort to reduce the inevitable IMF associated with maximal effort running.
吸气肌疲劳（IMF）可能会限制运动表现。一些研究报告称，短时间游泳运动后会出现IMF，但短时间跑步是否会引发IMF仍不清楚。跑步过程中，通过膈肌激活会增加腹内压，以在上肢运动时稳定脊柱。这一过程伴随着运动中呼吸增加所导致的吸气肌努力增加；因此，我们推测短时间跑步运动会引发IMF。为验证这一假设，我们在400米和800米跑道跑步前后测量了最大吸气压力（MIP）。八名女子中距离（400米、800米）跑步运动员进行了400米和800米跑步测试。每次测试前后使用便携式自动肺活量计测量最大吸气压力。跑步后的平均MIP显著低于跑步前；400米和800米测试前后的值分别为107±25厘米水柱对97±27厘米水柱（p = 0.01，效应量[ES] = 0.65）以及108±26厘米水柱对92±27厘米水柱（p = 0.01，ES = 0.74）。800米测试后的平均MIP显著低于400米测试后（p = 0.04，ES = 0.48）。IMF值与跑步时间之间无相关性（400米和800米测试的r值分别为0.53和 -0.28；p > 0.05）。总之，短时间跑步运动后会出现IMF。教练可考虑安排吸气肌训练或热身，以努力减少与全力跑步相关的不可避免的IMF。
