Torrubiano-Domínguez J, Vives-Cases C, San-Sebastián M, Sanz-Barbero B, Goicolea I, Álvarez-Dardet C
Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Alicante University, San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Sep 30;15:990. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2322-0.
Spain's financial crisis has been characterized by an increase in unemployment. This increase could have produced an increase in deaths of women due to intimate partner-related femicides (IPF). This study aims to determine whether the increase in unemployment among both sexes in different regions in Spain is related to an increase in the rates of IPF during the current financial crisis period.
An ecological longitudinal study was carried out in Spain's 17 regions. Two study periods were defined: pre-crisis period (2005-2007) and crisis period (2008-2013). IPF rates adjusted by age and unemployment rates for men and women were calculated. We fitted multilevel linear regression models in which observations at level 1 were nested within regions according to a repeated measurements design.
Rates of unemployment have progressively increased in Spain, rising above 20 % from 2008 to 2013 in some regions. IPF rates decreased in some regions during crisis period with respect to pre-crisis period. The multilevel analysis does not support the existence of a significant relationship between the increase in unemployment in men and women and the decrease in IPF since 2008.
The increase in unemployment in men and women in Spain does not appear to have an effect on IPF. The results of the multilevel analysis discard the hypothesis that the increase in the rates of unemployment in women and men are related to an increase in IPF rates.
The decline in IPF since 2008 might be interpreted as the result of exposure to other factors such as the lower frequency of divorces in recent years or the medium term effects of the integral protection measures of the law on gender violence that began in 2005.
西班牙的金融危机表现为失业率上升。这种上升可能导致因亲密伴侣相关的女性杀人案（IPF）而死亡的女性人数增加。本研究旨在确定西班牙不同地区男女失业率的上升是否与当前金融危机期间IPF发生率的增加有关。
在西班牙的17个地区进行了一项生态纵向研究。定义了两个研究时期：危机前时期（2005 - 2007年）和危机时期（2008 - 2013年）。计算了按年龄调整的IPF发生率以及男女失业率。我们拟合了多级线性回归模型，其中一级观测值根据重复测量设计嵌套在各地区内。
西班牙的失业率逐渐上升，2008年至2013年期间一些地区的失业率超过了20%。危机时期一些地区的IPF发生率相对于危机前时期有所下降。多级分析不支持自2008年以来男女失业率上升与IPF下降之间存在显著关系。
西班牙男女失业率的上升似乎对IPF没有影响。多级分析的结果否定了男女失业率上升与IPF发生率上升相关的假设。
自2008年以来IPF的下降可能被解释为受到其他因素影响的结果，例如近年来离婚频率较低，或者2005年开始实施的性别暴力法律综合保护措施的中期影响。
