Mirjalali Hamed, Mirhendi Hossein, Meamar Ahmad Reza, Mohebali Mehdi, Askari Zeynab, Mirsamadi Elnaz Sadat, Rezaeian Mostafa
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Infect Genet Evol. 2015 Dec;36:244-249. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.09.022. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
Microsporidia are known as opportunistic unicellular pathogens, particularly so in individuals with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is one of the most common species infecting both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes among immunocompromised patients in Iran. From 329 stool samples referred for parasitological analysis during 2011-2014, 14 samples from immunocompromised patients proving positive for E. bieneusi by SSU rDNA analysis were selected. Genotyping was carried out using specific primers targeting the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. Subsequently, all samples were sequenced and results queried against the GenBank database. Moreover, sequences were subject to phylogenetic analysis. The expected amplification product was generated for all samples. Genotype D was identified in patients with HIV+/AIDS, transplant recipients, and cancer patients, while Genotype E was identified only in cancer and HIV+/AIDS patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that there was no relationship between genotypes and types of immunosuppression, whereas most genotype D isolates grouped with those described previously from cattle, horses, birds, and humans. E. bieneusi genotype D appears to be the most frequent genotype in immunocompromised patients, while Genotype E was observed only in HIV+/AIDS patients and cancer patients, not transplant recipients.
微孢子虫是已知的机会性单细胞病原体，在先天性或获得性免疫缺陷个体中尤为如此。肠脑炎微孢子虫是感染免疫功能低下和免疫功能正常个体的最常见物种之一。本研究的目的是评估伊朗免疫功能低下患者中肠脑炎微孢子虫基因型的分布。在2011年至2014年期间提交进行寄生虫学分析的329份粪便样本中，选择了14份经小亚基核糖体DNA（SSU rDNA）分析证明肠脑炎微孢子虫呈阳性的免疫功能低下患者的样本。使用靶向内部转录间隔区（ITS）区域的特异性引物进行基因分型。随后，对所有样本进行测序，并将结果与GenBank数据库进行比对。此外，对序列进行系统发育分析。所有样本均产生了预期的扩增产物。在艾滋病毒阳性/艾滋病患者、移植受者和癌症患者中鉴定出基因型D，而基因型E仅在癌症患者和艾滋病毒阳性/艾滋病患者中鉴定出。系统发育分析表明，基因型与免疫抑制类型之间没有关系，而大多数基因型D分离株与先前从牛、马、鸟和人类中描述的分离株聚集在一起。肠脑炎微孢子虫基因型D似乎是免疫功能低下患者中最常见的基因型，而基因型E仅在艾滋病毒阳性/艾滋病患者和癌症患者中观察到，在移植受者中未观察到。
