Liu Hua, Jiang Zhihua, Yuan Zhongying, Yin Jianhai, Wang Zunfu, Yu Bingxue, Zhou Dongsheng, Shen Yujuan, Cao Jianping
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, 207 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 13;17(1):684. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2787-9.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi has been increasingly reported to infect humans and various mammals. Microsporidia cause diarrhea in HIV-infected patients worldwide. PCR amplification and sequencing based on the internal transcribed spacer region have been used to describe the genotypes of E. bieneusi and transmission of microsporidiosis.
In this study, we examined E. bieneusi infection and genotypes in HIV-positive patients in Guangxi, China. Stool specimens were collected from 285 HIV-positive patients and 303 HIV-negative individuals. E. bieneusi genotypes were characterized using nested PCR and sequencing.
Thirty-three (11.58%) HIV-positive patients were infected with microsporidia, and no infection was found in the 303 healthy controls. Three new genotypes were identified and named as GX25, GX456, and GX458; four known genotypes, PigEBITS7, Type IV/K, D, and Ebpc, were also identified. Our data showed that the positive rate for microsporidia was significantly higher in the rural patients than in the other occupation groups. In addition, the positive rate for microsporidia was significantly higher in the patients who drink unboiled water than in those with other drinking water sources.
Our results will provide baseline data for preventing and controlling E. bieneusi infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Further studies are required to clarify the epidemiology and potential sources of microsporidia. Our study showed that microsporidium infection occurs in the HIV/AIDS patients in Guangxi, China.
肠内微孢子虫感染人类和各种哺乳动物的报道日益增多。微孢子虫在全球范围内导致艾滋病病毒感染患者腹泻。基于内转录间隔区的聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增和测序已被用于描述肠内微孢子虫的基因型及微孢子虫病的传播情况。
在本研究中，我们检测了中国广西艾滋病病毒阳性患者的肠内微孢子虫感染情况及其基因型。从285例艾滋病病毒阳性患者和303例艾滋病病毒阴性个体中采集粪便标本。采用巢式PCR和测序对肠内微孢子虫基因型进行鉴定。
33例（11.58%）艾滋病病毒阳性患者感染了微孢子虫，303例健康对照未发现感染。鉴定出3种新基因型，分别命名为GX25、GX456和GX458；还鉴定出4种已知基因型，即PigEBITS7、IV/K型、D型和Ebpc型。我们的数据显示，农村患者的微孢子虫阳性率显著高于其他职业组。此外，饮用生水的患者微孢子虫阳性率显著高于饮用其他水源的患者。
我们的结果将为预防和控制艾滋病病毒/艾滋病患者的肠内微孢子虫感染提供基线数据。需要进一步研究以阐明微孢子虫的流行病学和潜在来源。我们的研究表明，中国广西的艾滋病病毒/艾滋病患者存在微孢子虫感染。
