Anderson Matthew Z, Bennett Richard J
Brief Funct Genomics. 2016 Mar;15(2):85-94. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elv035. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Candida species are the most prevalent human fungal pathogens, with Candida albicans being the most clinically relevant species. Candida albicans resides as a commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract but is a frequent cause of opportunistic mucosal and systemic infections. Investigation of C. albicans virulence has traditionally relied on candidate gene approaches, but recent advances in functional genomics have now facilitated global, unbiased studies of gene function. Such studies include comparative genomics (both between and within Candida species), analysis of total RNA expression, and regulation and delineation of protein-DNA interactions. Additionally, large collections of mutant strains have begun to aid systematic screening of clinically relevant phenotypes. Here, we will highlight the development of functional genomics in C. albicans and discuss the use of these approaches to addressing both commensalism and pathogenesis in this species.
念珠菌属是最常见的人类真菌病原体，白色念珠菌是临床上最相关的菌种。白色念珠菌作为人类胃肠道的共生菌存在，但却是机会性黏膜和全身感染的常见原因。传统上，对白色念珠菌毒力的研究依赖于候选基因方法，但功能基因组学的最新进展现在促进了对基因功能的全面、无偏见研究。此类研究包括比较基因组学（念珠菌种间和种内）、总RNA表达分析以及蛋白质-DNA相互作用的调控和描绘。此外，大量突变菌株已开始有助于对临床相关表型进行系统筛选。在这里，我们将重点介绍白色念珠菌功能基因组学的发展，并讨论使用这些方法来解决该菌种的共生和发病机制问题。
