Li Shugang, Zhang Xuefei, Yan Yizhong, Wang Kui, Rui Dongsheng, Pang Lijuan, Li Feng
Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, No.4 Bei Er Road, Shihezi 832002, China.
Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, No.4 Bei Er Road, Shihezi 832002, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Sep 29;12(10):12196-211. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121012196.
OBJECTIVE: Cancer risk increases with age, creating a challenge for the Chinese health system. To inform public health policy and research, we evaluated the cancer burden in elderly Chinese. METHODS: Based on the published Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report or related literature and the China Population and Employment Statistics Yearbooks, we estimated the cancer burden of elderly Chinese, who were representative of the Chinese population. We calculated the cancer incidence, cancer-related mortality, potential years of life lost (PYLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2005-2011 by age, sex, district (rural, urban), and calendar year using national cancer registry, publication, and census data. The relative ratios (RRs) were determined between the elderly (≥60 years) and young (<60 years). RESULTS: Cancer incidence and related mortality in the elderly were 8.47 and 13.96 times, respectively, those in the young. The PYLL and DALY rates of the elderly were 1.63 and 5.00 times, respectively, those in the young. The PYLL and DALY rates for elderly men and rural districts were higher than for elderly women and urban districts. The RRs for male sex and rural districts were higher than for female sex and urban districts. RRs increased sharply from 2005 to 2011. CONCLUSIONS: The cancer burden in elderly Chinese was higher in men and rural districts than in women and urban districts, which creates considerable challenges for the Chinese health care system. Comprehensive measures for cancer prevention and treatment in the elderly are needed.
目的：癌症风险随年龄增长而增加，这给中国卫生系统带来了挑战。为了为公共卫生政策和研究提供信息，我们评估了中国老年人的癌症负担。 方法：基于已发表的《中国癌症登记年报》或相关文献以及《中国人口与就业统计年鉴》，我们估算了具有中国人口代表性的中国老年人的癌症负担。我们利用国家癌症登记、出版物和人口普查数据，按年龄、性别、地区（农村、城市）和历年计算了2005 - 2011年的癌症发病率、癌症相关死亡率、潜在寿命损失年数（PYLL）和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。确定了老年人（≥60岁）与年轻人（<60岁）之间的相对比率（RRs）。 结果：老年人的癌症发病率和相关死亡率分别是年轻人的8.47倍和13.96倍。老年人的PYLL率和DALY率分别是年轻人的1.63倍和5.00倍。老年男性和农村地区的PYLL率和DALY率高于老年女性和城市地区。男性和农村地区的RRs高于女性和城市地区。RRs从2005年到2011年急剧上升。 结论：中国老年人的癌症负担在男性和农村地区高于女性和城市地区，这给中国医疗保健系统带来了相当大的挑战。需要采取针对老年人癌症预防和治疗的综合措施。
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