He Y T, Li D J, Liang D, Zheng R S, Zhang S W, Zeng H M, Chen W Q, He J
Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/the Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2018 Sep 23;40(9):647-652. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.09.002.
To estimate the incidence and mortality of bladder cancer in China based on the cancer registration data in 2014, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). There were 449 cancer registries submitted bladder cancer new cases and deaths occurred in 2014 to NCCR. After evaluating the data quality, 339 registries' data were finally accepted for analysis. According to the national population data of 2014, the nationwide incidence and mortality of bladder cancer were estimated by stratification in the area (urban or rural), gender, and age. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates. All 339 cancer registries covered a total of 288 243 347 populations (144 061 915 in urban and 144 181 432 in rural areas). The percentage of morphologically verified cases and death certificate-only cases were 74.86% and 1.45%, respectively. The mortality to incidence ratio was 0.41. The estimates of new bladder cancer cases were 78 100 in China in 2014, with a crude incidence rate of 5.71/100 000. The age-standardized incidence rates by China standard population (ASR China) and world standard population (ASR world) of bladder cancer were 3.61/100 000 and 3.56/100 000, respectively. Cumulative incidence rate of bladder cancer in China was 0.41%. The crude and ASR China incidence rates in urban areas were 6.88/100 000 and 4.07/100 000, respectively, whereas those were 4.29/100, 000 and 2.96/100 000 in rural areas. The estimates of bladder cancer deaths caused by bladder cancer were about 32 100 in China in 2014, with a crude mortality rate of 2.35/100 000. The ASR China and ASR world mortality rates were both 1.30/100 000 with a cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) of 0.12%. The crude and ASR China mortality rates were 2.79/100 000 and 1.41/100 000 in urban areas, respectively, whereas those were 1.81/100 000 and 1.14/100 000 in rural areas. The incidence and mortality pattern of bladder cancer were different in urban and rural areas. The incidence and mortality were higher in urban areas than that in rural areas, and higher for male than for female. We should focus on strengthening the prevention and control of bladder cancer in key population, especially men in urban areas.
基于国家癌症中心（NCCR）收集的2014年癌症登记数据，估算中国膀胱癌的发病率和死亡率。2014年有449个癌症登记处向NCCR提交了膀胱癌新发病例和死亡病例。在评估数据质量后，最终接受了339个登记处的数据用于分析。根据2014年全国人口数据，按地区（城市或农村）、性别和年龄分层估算全国膀胱癌的发病率和死亡率。采用2000年中国人口普查数据和Segi人口数据计算年龄标准化发病率/死亡率。所有339个癌症登记处覆盖的总人口为288243347人（城市144061915人，农村144181432人）。形态学确诊病例和仅死亡证明病例的比例分别为74.86%和1.45%。死亡率与发病率之比为0.41。2014年中国膀胱癌新发病例估计为78100例，粗发病率为5.71/10万。中国标准人口（ASR China）和世界标准人口（ASR world）的膀胱癌年龄标准化发病率分别为3.61/10万和3.56/10万。中国膀胱癌累积发病率为0.41%。城市地区粗发病率和ASR China发病率分别为6.88/10万和4.07/10万，而农村地区分别为4.29/10万和2.96/10万。2014年中国膀胱癌死亡病例估计约为32100例，粗死亡率为2.35/10万。ASR China和ASR world死亡率均为1.30/10万，累积死亡率（0至74岁）为0.12%。城市地区粗死亡率和ASR China死亡率分别为2.79/10万和1.41/10万，而农村地区分别为1.81/10万和1.14/10万。膀胱癌的发病率和死亡率在城乡地区存在差异。城市地区的发病率和死亡率高于农村地区，男性高于女性。我们应重点加强对重点人群，尤其是城市男性膀胱癌的防控。
