Yavorsky Jill E, Dush Claire M Kamp, Schoppe-Sullivan Sarah J
Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, 200 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 (
Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 151E Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210.
J Marriage Fam. 2015 Jun;77(3):662-679. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12189. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Using longitudinal time diary and survey data from a community sample of dual-earner couples across the transition to parenthood, the authors examined change in divisions of paid and unpaid work and assessed the accuracy of survey data for time use measurement. Mothers, according to the time diaries, shouldered the majority of child care and did not decrease their paid work hours. Furthermore, the gender gap was not present prebirth but emerged postbirth with women doing more than 2 hours of additional work per day compared to an additional 40 minutes for men. Moreover, the birth of a child magnified parents' overestimations of work in the survey data, and had the authors relied only on survey data, gender work inequalities would not have been apparent. The findings have important implications for (a) the state of the gender revolution among couples well positioned to obtained balanced workloads and (b) the utility of survey data to measure parents' division of labor.
作者利用纵向时间日记以及来自双职工夫妇社区样本在为人父母转变期的调查数据，研究了有偿和无偿工作分工的变化，并评估了用于时间使用测量的调查数据的准确性。根据时间日记，母亲承担了大部分育儿工作，且她们的有偿工作时长并未减少。此外，性别差距在孩子出生前并不存在，而是在孩子出生后出现，与男性每天额外工作40分钟相比，女性每天多做2个多小时的额外工作。此外，孩子的出生放大了父母在调查数据中对工作量的高估，若作者仅依赖调查数据，性别工作不平等就不会显现出来。这些发现对以下两方面具有重要意义：（a）在有望实现工作量平衡的夫妇中性别革命的状况；（b）用于衡量父母劳动分工的调查数据的效用。
