DNA甲基化在各种疾病中的作用及营养可能的保护作用：一篇综述短文

Kandi Venkataramana, Vadakedath Sabitha

Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences.

Biochemistry, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences.

Cureus. 2015 Aug 24;7(8):e309. doi: 10.7759/cureus.309.

DNA methylation, a process of adding a methyl group to DNA done by a DNA methyltransferase is a heritable (epigenetic) alteration leading to cancer, atherosclerosis, nervous disorders (Imprinting disorders), and cardiovascular diseases. The role of nutrition in DNA methylation is revealed by identification of methyl variable positions (MVP) on DNA. These regions are more susceptible to DNA methylations. Nutritional supplementation of folic acid and methionine in utero and in adults decreased epigenetic modifications due to its role in DNA metabolism (one carbon metabolism). Thus, in utero and adult supplementation of folic acid and methionine may reduce DNA methylation. This review attempts to highlight the process of DNA methylation, its effect on various diseases, and the probable protective role of nutrition.

DNA甲基化是一种由DNA甲基转移酶将甲基基团添加到DNA上的过程，是一种可遗传的（表观遗传）改变，可导致癌症、动脉粥样硬化、神经紊乱（印记紊乱）和心血管疾病。通过识别DNA上的甲基可变位点（MVP），揭示了营养在DNA甲基化中的作用。这些区域更容易发生DNA甲基化。在子宫内和成年人中补充叶酸和蛋氨酸，由于其在DNA代谢（一碳代谢）中的作用，减少了表观遗传修饰。因此，在子宫内和成年人中补充叶酸和蛋氨酸可能会减少DNA甲基化。本综述试图强调DNA甲基化的过程、其对各种疾病的影响以及营养可能的保护作用。