早产和足月出生幼儿的注意力能力：一种多方法研究途径。
Attention capacities of preterm and term born toddlers: A multi-method approach.
作者信息
de Jong Marjanneke, Verhoeven Marjolein, van Baar Anneloes L
机构信息
Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Early Hum Dev. 2015 Dec;91(12):761-8. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.015. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
OBJECTIVE
Many preterm children show difficulties in attention at (pre)school age. The development of attention capacities of preterm and term toddlers was compared using a longitudinal and multi-method approach at 12, 18 and 24months.
METHOD
Attention was measured for 123 preterm (32-36weeks gestation) and 101 term born children, using eye tracking (18months), observations during mother-child interaction (18months), and mother-reports (12, 18, and 24months).
RESULTS
Preterm toddlers had lower scores than term children on the eye-tracking measures of orienting and alerting. No group differences were found with observations, mother-reports, and the eye-tracking measure of executive attention. More preterm than term children had suboptimal scores on measures of the alerting system at 18months, possibly indicating difficulties in attention development.
CONCLUSION
Preterm children showed an increased risk for suboptimal functioning in alerting attention capacities, as early as at a toddler age.
目的
许多早产儿童在学前阶段表现出注意力方面的困难。采用纵向和多方法研究，在12个月、18个月和24个月时比较早产和足月幼儿注意力能力的发展情况。
方法
对123名早产（妊娠32 - 36周）儿童和101名足月出生儿童进行注意力测量，测量方法包括眼动追踪（18个月时）、母婴互动观察（18个月时）以及母亲报告（12个月、18个月和24个月时）。
结果
在眼动追踪的定向和警觉测量方面，早产幼儿的得分低于足月儿童。在观察、母亲报告以及眼动追踪的执行性注意力测量方面，未发现组间差异。在18个月时，早产儿童中警觉系统测量得分未达最佳水平的人数多于足月儿童，这可能表明其注意力发展存在困难。
结论
早产儿童早在幼儿期就表现出警觉注意力能力功能欠佳的风险增加。
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