Vioque Javier, Alaiz Manuel, Girón-Calle Julio
Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Avda. Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Avda. Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Food Chem. 2012 May 1;132(1):67-72. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.033. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
The goal of this research was the characterisation of Vicia faba (broadbean) protein isolates and related fractions in order to determine whether this grain legume could be used for production of high quality protein products and other fractions rich in functional components. Alkaline extraction of the defatted seed flour, followed by precipitation at the isoelectric pH, yielded a 92% protein isolate with a high oil absorption capacity. The contents of the favism-inducing glycosides, vicine and convicine, in the isolate were reduced by more than 99% as compared to the original flour, although the amino acid composition was similar to that of the flour. Some of the by-products of protein isolate production may also be of interest from a nutritional and functional point of view. Thus, the oil resulting from hexane extraction of the flour is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols (resulting from extraction of the defatted flour with acetone) showed a high ABTS radical-scavenging activity. In addition, the solid residue (resulting from protein solubilisation) was high in fibre and showed good water absorption. These results show good nutritional and functional properties in V. faba protein isolates and related fractions, which may favour the revalorisation of this traditional bean crop.
本研究的目的是对蚕豆蛋白分离物及相关组分进行表征，以确定这种豆类是否可用于生产高质量蛋白质产品及其他富含功能成分的组分。对脱脂种子粉进行碱提取，然后在等电pH值下沉淀，得到了一种具有高吸油能力的92%蛋白质分离物。与原始面粉相比，该分离物中诱发蚕豆病的糖苷（蚕豆嘧啶和伴蚕豆嘧啶）含量降低了99%以上，不过其氨基酸组成与面粉相似。从营养和功能角度来看，蛋白质分离物生产过程中的一些副产物可能也具有价值。因此，用己烷从面粉中提取得到的油富含不饱和脂肪酸，而（用丙酮从脱脂面粉中提取得到的）多酚具有较高的ABTS自由基清除活性。此外，（蛋白质溶解后产生的）固体残渣富含纤维且具有良好的吸水性。这些结果表明蚕豆蛋白分离物及相关组分具有良好的营养和功能特性，这可能有利于提升这种传统豆类作物的价值。
