Martinho Ana, Silva Sara M, Gallardo Eugenia
CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
Med Chem. 2016;12(5):432-40. doi: 10.2174/1573406411666151005105617.
S. divinorum is a psychoactive plant that has been consumed as a recreational drug of abuse in the last years. Salvinorin A is its main constituent, and is responsible for the observed psychoactive effects. Both S. divinorum and salvinorin A have become controlled drugs in several countries, but they are not listed in the Schedules of the United Nations Drug Conventions. Regarding the effects of S. divinorum consumption, almost all studies are based on in vivo or on surveys, and there are no studies in vitro on its toxicity. Furthermore, all studies are focused on the acute toxicological effects of the plant. So, it is of utmost importance to further investigate the effects of S. divinorum and salvinorin A, particularly using in vitro models, after prolonged exposures. In this context, the present work evaluated the in vitro toxicity induced by S. divinorum or salvinorin A in six cell lines, through MTT assays and LC50 determination. Overall, results showed that both S. divinorum and salvinorin A are cytotoxic, dose- and time-dependent. Also, Hep G2 and Caco 2 (to a lesser extent) cells showed lower sensitivity to S. divinorum and salvinorin A when compared to the other studied cell lines. To our knowledge, this is the first work focused on the in vitro toxicity of S. divinorum and salvinorin A using a variety of cell lines, which are extensively described in literature and have been widely used in several in vitro studies.
神圣鼠尾草是一种具有精神活性的植物，在过去几年中一直被用作滥用的消遣性药物。鼠尾草酸是其主要成分，负责观察到的精神活性作用。神圣鼠尾草和鼠尾草酸在几个国家都已成为管制药物，但它们未被列入联合国毒品公约的附表中。关于食用神圣鼠尾草的影响，几乎所有研究都是基于体内研究或调查，并且没有关于其毒性的体外研究。此外，所有研究都集中在该植物的急性毒理学影响上。因此，进一步研究神圣鼠尾草和鼠尾草酸在长期暴露后的影响，特别是使用体外模型，至关重要。在此背景下，本研究通过MTT法和LC50测定评估了神圣鼠尾草或鼠尾草酸在六种细胞系中诱导的体外毒性。总体而言，结果表明神圣鼠尾草和鼠尾草酸均具有细胞毒性，且呈剂量和时间依赖性。此外，与其他研究的细胞系相比，Hep G2和Caco 2（程度较轻）细胞对神圣鼠尾草和鼠尾草酸的敏感性较低。据我们所知，这是第一项使用多种细胞系关注神圣鼠尾草和鼠尾草酸体外毒性的研究，这些细胞系在文献中有广泛描述，并已在多项体外研究中广泛使用。
