Kaplan Celia P, Nápoles Anna Maria, Narine Steven, Gregorich Steven, Livaudais-Toman Jennifer, Nguyen Tung, Leykin Yan, Roach Mack, Small Eric J
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, USA.
Contemp Clin Trials. 2015 Nov;45(Pt B):443-448. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2015.09.023. Epub 2015 Oct 3.
Enrollment of minorities in clinical trials remains low. Through a California population-based study of men with early stage prostate cancer, we examined the relationships between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate in clinical trials.
From November 2011-November 2012, we identified all incident cases of prostate cancer in African American, Latino, and Asian American men ages 18-75 years, and a random sample of white men diagnosed in 2008, through the California Cancer Registry, living within 60 miles of a site offering ≥ 1 clinical trial. Participants completed a 30-min telephone interview in English, Spanish, or Chinese. In this cross-sectional population-based study, multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between race/ethnicity and 1) attitudes, 2) knowledge and 3) willingness to participate.
Of 855 participants, 52% were ≥ 65 years, 42% were white, 24% Latino, 19% African American and 15% Asian American. The majority (81%) had medium-to-high health literacy. Compared to non-Latino white men, African American men were less likely to have above average knowledge of clinical trials (OR=0.55; CI=0.35-0.86), as were Asian American (OR=0.55; CI=0.33-0.93) and Latino men (OR=0.30; CI=0.18-0.48). There were no racial/ethnic differences in willingness to participate. The attitude that "researchers are the main beneficiaries" was negatively associated with willingness (OR=0.63; CI=0.43-0.93); the attitude that "patients are the main beneficiaries" was positively associated with willingness to participate (OR=1.57; CI=1.07-2.29).
Men with early stage prostate cancer are willing to take part in clinical trials and this willingness does not vary by race/ethnicity.
少数族裔参与临床试验的比例仍然很低。通过一项基于加利福尼亚州早期前列腺癌男性人群的研究，我们考察了种族/族裔与以下三方面的关系：1）态度；2）知识；3）参与临床试验的意愿。
从2011年11月至2012年11月，我们通过加利福尼亚癌症登记处，在年龄为18 - 75岁的非裔美国男性、拉丁裔男性和亚裔美国男性中确定了所有前列腺癌新发病例，并从2008年诊断的白人男性中随机抽取样本，这些男性居住在距离提供≥1项临床试验的地点60英里范围内。参与者用英语、西班牙语或中文完成了一次30分钟的电话访谈。在这项基于人群的横断面研究中，采用多变量逻辑回归来估计种族/族裔与以下三方面的关联：1）态度；2）知识；3）参与意愿。
855名参与者中，52%的人年龄≥65岁，42%为白人，24%为拉丁裔，19%为非裔美国人，15%为亚裔美国人。大多数（81%）具有中等至高的健康素养。与非拉丁裔白人男性相比，非裔美国男性对临床试验有高于平均水平了解的可能性较小（比值比[OR]=0.55；可信区间[CI]=0.35 - 0.86），亚裔美国男性（OR=0.55；CI=0.33 - 0.93）和拉丁裔男性（OR=0.30；CI=0.18 - 0.48）也是如此。参与意愿方面不存在种族/族裔差异。“研究人员是主要受益者”这一态度与参与意愿呈负相关（OR=0.63；CI=0.43 - 0.93）；“患者是主要受益者”这一态度与参与意愿呈正相关（OR=1.57；CI=1.07 - 2.29）。
早期前列腺癌男性愿意参与临床试验，且这种意愿不因种族/族裔而有所不同。
